Test 4 · Horses, zebras and donkeys
My cousin says zebras are white with black stripes. What do most scientists say?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, zebras, most scientists · What happens: say, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 of lesson 25 «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: My cousin says zebras are white with black stripes.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 cousin | nmod:poss |
| 2 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | zebras | zebra | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 white | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 white | cop |
| 6 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 says | ccomp |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 stripes | case |
| 8 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 stripes | amod |
| 9 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 white | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | My cousin | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | zebras | with black stripes; white property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What do most scientists say?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 say | obj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 scientists | amod |
| 4 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 say | nsubj |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 say | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | most scientists | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1
It changes every year
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 changes | nsubj |
| 2 | changes | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 year | det |
| 4 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 changes | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | present | It | year | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
She is right, the skin under the hair is white
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 white | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 skin | det |
| 6 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 white | nsubj |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 9 hair | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hair | det |
| 9 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 skin | nmod |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 white | cop |
| 11 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 right | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | She | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the skin under the hair | white property | tree rules |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
They are black-skinned, so black with white stripes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 skinned | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 skinned | aux:pass |
| 3 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 skinned | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 black | punct |
| 5 | skinned | skin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 black | punct |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 black | advmod |
| 8 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 skinned | conj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 stripes | case |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 stripes | amod |
| 11 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 black | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | skin | present · passive | They | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
They are grey with no real stripes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 grey | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 grey | cop |
| 3 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 stripes | case |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 stripes | det |
| 6 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 stripes | amod |
| 7 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 grey | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | They | with no real stripes; grey property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/t4/