Test 7 · Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push

«that tree's wrecked the pavement, how?? it's just wood» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pavement, wood · What happens: wreck, be · To what, where: pavement, wood

This is test 7 of lesson 250 «Plants deeper: roots and how they drink, hold and push» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 wrecked	punct
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 tree	det
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrecked	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 tree	case
5	wrecked	wreck	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 pavement	det
7	pavement	pavement	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrecked	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 wood	punct
9	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	14 wood	advmod
10	??	??	PUNCT	_	9 how	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 wood	nsubj
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 wood	cop
13	just	just	ADV	_	14 wood	advmod
14	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pavement	appos
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 wood	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 right	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 wood	acl:relcl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 wrecked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	wreck in a quote	participle		the pavement		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pavement=Patient
2	is a in a quote	present	pavement	wood		tree rules
3	is	present	wood		right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Rain soaking in under the stones lifted them up from below, a little each year

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lifted	nsubj
2	soaking	soak	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Rain	acl
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 stones	case
4	under	under	ADP	_	6 stones	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stones	det
6	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 soaking	obl
7	lifted	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lifted	obj
9	up	up	ADP	_	7 lifted	compound:prt
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 below	case
11	below	below	ADV	_	7 lifted	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 year	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 little	det
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 year	amod
15	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	16 year	det
16	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lifted	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soak	gerund	Rain not said here					in the stones	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in stone=Theme
2	lift up	past	Rain	stones = stone			year		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme from below=Destination

Option 2

Someone dug up the stones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 dug	nsubj
2	dug	dig	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 dug	compound:prt
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stones	det
5	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dug	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig up	past	Someone	the stones					vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stone=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its roots grew cell by cell and pushed slowly but very strongly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 roots	nmod:poss
2	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grew	nsubj
3	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grew	obl:unmarked
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 cell	case
6	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cell	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 pushed	cc
8	pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 grew	conj
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	8 pushed	advmod
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 slowly	cc
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 strongly	advmod
12	strongly	strongly	ADV	_	8 pushed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	Its roots	cell by cell					vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	push	past	Its roots not said here					slowly, strongly property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The tree fell over on it in a storm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tree	det
2	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fell	nsubj
3	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	over	over	ADV	_	3 fell	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fell	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 storm	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 storm	det
9	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall over	past	the tree			it		in a storm; over property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on it=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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