Exam question 2 · Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the colouration of deciduous leaves in autumn.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, colouration

This is exam question 2 of lesson 251 «Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 colouration	det
11	colouration	colouration	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 leaves	case
13	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 leaves	amod
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 colouration	nmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 autumn	case
16	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 leaves	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the colouration of deciduous leaves in autumn		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus colouration=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The colouration is produced by solar scorching of the leaf during the shortening days of autumn

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colouration	det
2	colouration	colouration	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 produced	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 produced	aux:pass
4	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 scorching	case
6	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 scorching	amod
7	scorching	scorching	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 produced	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 leaf	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 leaf	det
10	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 scorching	nmod
11	during	during	ADP	_	14 days	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 days	det
13	shortening	shortening	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 days	compound
14	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 produced	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 autumn	case
16	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 days	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present · passive	solar scorching of the leaf	the colouration			day		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Yellow and orange pigments, present throughout, are revealed when chlorophyll is withdrawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pigments	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 orange	cc
3	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Yellow	conj
4	pigments	pigment	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 revealed	nsubj:pass
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 present	punct
6	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pigments	amod
7	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	6 present	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 pigments	punct
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 revealed	aux:pass
10	revealed	reveal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	14 withdrawn	advmod
12	chlorophyll	chlorophyll	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 withdrawn	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 withdrawn	aux:pass
14	withdrawn	withdraw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 revealed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reveal	present · passive		Yellow pigments					vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	withdraw	present · passive		chlorophyll					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

Yellow pigment is manufactured afresh in response to frost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pigment	amod
2	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 manufactured	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 manufactured	aux:pass
4	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	afresh	afresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 manufactured	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 response	case
7	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 manufactured	obl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 frost	mark
9	frost	frost	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 manufactured	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	manufacture	present · passive		Yellow pigment		response		afresh property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	frost	to-infinitive							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The colouration results from rust deposited by rainfall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 results	det
2	colouration	colouration	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	compound
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 rust	case
5	rust	rust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
6	deposited	deposit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 results	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 rainfall	case
8	rainfall	rainfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 deposited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deposit	participle		the colouration results from rust not said here				by rainfall	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by rainfall=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/e2/