Test 5 · How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microsco…

Why might Darwin have waited so long before publishing his idea?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Darwin · What happens: wait, publish · To what, where: idea

This is test 5 of lesson 264 «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 waited	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 waited	aux
3	Darwin	Darwin	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 waited	nsubj
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 waited	aux
5	waited	wait	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	so	so	ADV	_	7 long	advmod
7	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 waited	advmod
8	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 publishing	mark
9	publishing	publish	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 waited	advcl
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 idea	nmod:poss
11	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 publishing	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 waited	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	might · perfect	Darwin					long property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	publish	gerund	Darwin not said here	Darwin's idea					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He wanted lots of careful evidence for a very surprising idea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wanted	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 evidence	case
5	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 evidence	amod
6	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lots	nmod
7	for	for	ADP	_	11 idea	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 idea	det
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 surprising	advmod
10	surprising	surprising	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 idea	amod
11	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wanted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	He	lots of careful evidence				for a surprising idea	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme

Option 2

His ship was lost at sea for 20 years with all of his notebooks on board

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 ship	nmod:poss
2	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 lost	aux:pass
4	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 sea	case
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 years	case
8	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 years	nummod
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lost	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 years	nmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 notebooks	case
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 notebooks	nmod:poss
14	notebooks	notebook	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 all	nmod
15	on	on	ADP	_	16 board	case
16	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 notebooks	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	past · passive		His ship		sea	year		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Option 3

He was waiting for a computer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 waiting	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 waiting	aux
3	waiting	wait	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 computer	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 computer	det
6	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 waiting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	past · progressive	He					for a computer	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He forgot where he had put his notes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 forgot	nsubj
2	forgot	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	6 put	advmod
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 put	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 put	aux
6	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 forgot	advcl
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 notes	nmod:poss
8	notes	note	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 put	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	forget	past	He		tree rules
2	put	past · perfect	he	his notes	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent note=Goal
3	note		his = he		nom note «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/t5/