Test 5 · ★★ · Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film m…

«my little bro runs down the hill flapping his arms like a bird lol» What does flapping really help young birds do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: little bro, hill · What happens: run down, flap, do, help · To what, where: hill, arms · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 268 «Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 runs	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 bro	nmod:poss
3	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bro	amod
4	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 runs	nsubj
5	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	down	down	ADP	_	8 hill	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hill	det
8	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 runs	obl
9	flapping	flap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 hill	acl
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 arms	nmod:poss
11	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 flapping	obj
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 bird	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 bird	det
14	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flapping	obl
15	lol	lol	INTJ	_	5 runs	discourse
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 runs	punct
17	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 does	nsubj
18	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 runs	parataxis
19	flapping	flap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 does	xcomp
20	really	really	ADV	_	21 help	advmod
21	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 flapping	advcl
22	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 birds	amod
23	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 do	nsubj
24	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 help	xcomp
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 runs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	run down in a quote	present	my little bro	the hill		vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent hill=Theme clause=Eventuality
2	flap in a quote	gerund	the hill not said here	bro's arms	like a bird	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient
3	do	present				tree rules
4	flap	gerund				vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	help	present				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Run up steep slopes by pushing them against the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Run	run	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Run	compound:prt
3	steep	steep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 slopes	amod
4	slopes	slope	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Run	obj
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 pushing	mark
6	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Run	advcl
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 pushing	obj
8	against	against	ADP	_	10 ground	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ground	det
10	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pushing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run up	imperative	you not said here	steep slopes					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme slope=Trajectory
2	push	gerund	you not said here	slopes = slope		the ground			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent they=Theme against ground=Trajectory

Option 2

Fly straight up into the sky, high enough to reach the clouds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	straight	straight	ADV	_	3 up	advmod
3	up	up	ADV	_	1 Fly	advmod
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 sky	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sky	det
6	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fly	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 high	punct
8	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sky	amod
9	enough	enough	ADV	_	8 high	advmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 reach	mark
11	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Fly	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 clouds	det
13	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 reach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	imperative	you not said here					into the sky result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into sky=Result
2	reach	to-infinitive	you not said here	the clouds					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Dig deep holes in the soil to find worms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dig	dig	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 holes	amod
3	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Dig	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 soil	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 soil	det
6	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Dig	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 find	mark
8	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Dig	advcl
9	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 find	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig	imperative	you not said here	deep holes		the soil			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hole=Theme in soil=Location
2	find	to-infinitive	you not said here	worms					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Topic

Option 4

Swim faster underwater to catch little fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	1 Swim	advmod
3	underwater	underwater	ADV	_	1 Swim	advmod
4	to	to	PART	_	5 catch	mark
5	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Swim	advcl
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 fish	amod
7	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 catch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	imperative	you not said here					fast, underwater property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	catch	to-infinitive	you not said here	little fish					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor/t5/