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Test 11 · ★ · Feathered dinosaurs: from Archaeopteryx to the chicken on…

Watch a chicken strut across the farmyard. Which dinosaur feature can you spot?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, dinosaur feature · What happens: watch, spot · To what, where: chicken strut, farmyard

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 269 «Feathered dinosaurs: from Archaeopteryx to the chicken on your plate» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Watch a chicken strut across the farmyard.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Watch	watch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 strut	det
3	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 strut	compound
4	strut	strut	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Watch	obj
5	across	across	ADP	_	7 farmyard	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 farmyard	det
7	farmyard	farmyard	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Watch	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Watch	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	watch	imperative	you not said here	a chicken strut		the farmyard			vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strut=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which dinosaur feature can you spot?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 dinosaur	det
2	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 feature	compound
3	feature	feature	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spot	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 spot	aux
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 spot	nsubj
6	spot	spot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 spot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spot	can	dinosaur feature						vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Walking on two legs with the body held level

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 held	advcl
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 legs	case
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 legs	nummod
4	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Walking	obl
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 body	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 body	det
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Walking	obl
8	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 level	amod
9	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	gerund				two legs		with the body	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory
2	hold	participle							vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Walking on four legs, like a Triceratops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 legs	case
3	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 legs	nummod
4	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Walking	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Triceratops	punct
6	like	like	ADP	_	8 Triceratops	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 Triceratops	det
8	Triceratops	Triceratops	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Walking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	gerund				four legs		like a Triceratops	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Swinging from branch to branch by its arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swinging	swing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 branch	case
3	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Swinging	obl
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 branch	case
5	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Swinging	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 arms	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 arms	nmod:poss
8	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Swinging	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swing	gerund				branch		to branch result; by branch's arms	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient from branch=Initial_State to branch=Result by arm=Extent

Option 4

Crawling along on its belly, like a crocodile

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crawling	crawl	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	along	along	ADV	_	1 Crawling	advmod
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 belly	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 belly	nmod:poss
5	belly	belly	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Crawling	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 crocodile	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 crocodile	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 crocodile	det
9	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Crawling	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crawl	gerund				its belly		along property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on belly=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/269-feathered-dinosaurs-archaeopteryx-to-chicken/t11/