Test 4 · ★ · Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present

What would happen to megalodon when the seas cooled and its whale prey moved to cold water?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: seas, whale prey · What happens: happen, cool, move · To what, where: cold water

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 273 «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 megalodon	case
5	megalodon	megalodon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 cooled	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 seas	det
8	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 cooled	nsubj
9	cooled	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 moved	cc
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 prey	nmod:poss
12	whale	whale	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 prey	compound
13	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 moved	nsubj
14	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 cooled	conj
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 water	case
16	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 water	amod
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 moved	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	happen	would			to megalodon	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	cool	past	the seas			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	move	past	megalodon's whale prey	cold water		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to water=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It could not follow and lost much of its food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 follow	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 follow	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 follow	advmod
4	follow	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 lost	cc
6	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 follow	conj
7	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lost	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 food	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 food	nmod:poss
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 much	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not follow	could	It						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lose	past		much of its food					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Eventuality

Option 2

It grew a thick coat of fur and followed the whales

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grew	nsubj
2	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 coat	det
4	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 coat	amod
5	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grew	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 fur	case
7	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 coat	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 followed	cc
9	followed	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 grew	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 whales	det
11	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 followed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	It	a thick coat of fur					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location coat=Theme
2	follow	past		the whales					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whale=Theme

Option 3

It crawled out of the sea and lived on land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 crawled	nsubj
2	crawled	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	6 sea	case
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 sea	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sea	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 crawled	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lived	cc
8	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 crawled	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 land	case
10	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crawl	past	It			the sea			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sea=Trajectory
2	live	past				land			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location

Option 4

It started eating seaweed instead of meat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 started	nsubj
2	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	eating	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 started	xcomp
4	seaweed	seaweed	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eating	obj
5	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	7 meat	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	5 instead	fixed
7	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	It						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	eat	gerund		seaweed				instead meat	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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