Test 5 · ★★★ · Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and miss…
In Pokémon, Charmander evolves into Charmeleon in one fight. What would a biologist say?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Charmander, biologist · What happens: evolve, say · To what, where: Pokémon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 280 «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In Pokémon, Charmander evolves into Charmeleon in one fight.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 Pokémon | case |
| 2 | Pokémon | Pokémon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 evolves | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pokémon | punct |
| 4 | Charmander | Charmander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 evolves | nsubj |
| 5 | evolves | evolve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 Charmeleon | case |
| 7 | Charmeleon | Charmeleon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 evolves | obl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 fight | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 fight | nummod |
| 10 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 evolves | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 evolves | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | evolve | present | Charmander | Pokémon | into Charmeleon; in one fight | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pokémon=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What would a biologist say?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 say | obj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 say | aux |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 biologist | det |
| 4 | biologist | biologist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 say | nsubj |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 say | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | would | a biologist | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1
Only fire animals can evolve fast
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 animals | advmod |
| 2 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 animals | compound |
| 3 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 evolve | nsubj |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 evolve | aux |
| 5 | evolve | evolve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 evolve | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | evolve | can | fire animals | fast property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
That is exactly how real evolution works, one big change at a time
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 works | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 works | cop |
| 3 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 7 works | advmod |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 works | advmod |
| 5 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 evolution | amod |
| 6 | evolution | evolution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 works | nsubj |
| 7 | works | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 change | punct |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 change | nummod |
| 10 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 change | amod |
| 11 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 works | obl |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 time | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 time | det |
| 14 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 change | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | That | one big change at a time obl; exactly, work property | tree rules |
Option 3
Real lizards do this every week
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 lizards | amod |
| 2 | lizards | lizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 do | nsubj |
| 3 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 do | obj |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 week | det |
| 6 | week | week | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 do | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | Real lizards | this | week | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
That is one creature changing, like growing up, not evolution
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 creature | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 creature | cop |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 creature | nummod |
| 4 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | changing | change | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 creature | acl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 growing | punct |
| 7 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 8 growing | mark |
| 8 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 changing | conj |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 growing | compound:prt |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 evolution | punct |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 evolution | advmod |
| 12 | evolution | evolution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 creature | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | That | one creature and evolution | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | change | gerund | one creature and evolution not said here | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | grow up | gerund | one creature and evolution not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/t5/