Exam question 4 · Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors an…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the protection of the kakapo?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, protect · To what, where: protection, kakapo

This is exam question 4 of lesson 282 «Comeback stories: bald eagles, humpback whales, condors and the kakapo» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 protection	det
10	protection	protection	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 kakapo	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 kakapo	det
13	kakapo	kakapo	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 protection	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the protection of the kakapo	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	protect		the kakapo		nom protection «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The species is maintained solely in private homes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 species	det
2	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 maintained	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 maintained	aux:pass
4	maintained	maintain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 maintained	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 homes	case
7	private	private	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 homes	amod
8	homes	home	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 maintained	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	maintain	present · passive		the species		private homes		solely property	vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The species was taught to fly by its keepers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 species	det
2	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 taught	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 taught	aux:pass
4	taught	teach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fly	mark
6	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 taught	xcomp
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 keepers	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 keepers	nmod:poss
9	keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	past · passive		the species					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	fly	to-infinitive	the species not said here					by its keepers	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by keeper=Location

Option 3

The species was released into cities across Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 species	det
2	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 released	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 released	aux:pass
4	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 cities	case
6	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 released	obl
7	across	across	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 released	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	past · passive		the species		cities		across Europe	vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Source

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The entire population was relocated to islands free of predators, each bird being named and monitored

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 population	det
2	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 population	amod
3	population	population	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 relocated	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 relocated	aux:pass
5	relocated	relocate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 islands	case
7	islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 relocated	obl
8	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 islands	amod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 predators	case
10	predators	predator	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 free	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 named	punct
12	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	13 bird	det
13	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 named	nsubj:pass
14	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 named	aux:pass
15	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 islands	acl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 monitored	cc
17	monitored	monitor	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 named	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	relocate	past · passive		the entire population	to islands	tree rules
2	name	gerund · passive	islands not said here	each bird		vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	monitor	participle	islands not said here			vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/282-comeback-stories-bald-eagles-humpback-whales-condors-and-the-kakapo/e4/