Exam question 4 · Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today
Ascertain the reason for which an assistance dog wearing a working harness ought not to be stroked.
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, assistance dog · What happens: ascertain, wear, work, not stroke · To what, where: reason, working harness, assistance dog
This is exam question 4 of lesson 292 «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reason | det |
| 3 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 stroked | obl |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 dog | det |
| 7 | assistance | assistance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dog | compound |
| 8 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 stroked | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | wearing | wear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 dog | acl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 harness | det |
| 11 | working | work | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 harness | amod |
| 12 | harness | harness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wearing | obj |
| 13 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 stroked | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 stroked | advmod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 stroked | mark |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 stroked | aux:pass |
| 17 | stroked | stroke | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 reason | acl:relcl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the reason | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic | ||||
| 2 | wear | gerund | a assistance dog not said here | a working harness | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent harness=Theme | ||||
| 3 | work | gerund | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | not stroke | ought · passive | you not said here | a assistance dog | for the reason | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
It is untrained in the company of children and will bite
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 untrained | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 untrained | cop |
| 3 | untrained | untrained | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 company | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 company | det |
| 6 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 untrained | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 children | case |
| 8 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 company | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 bite | cc |
| 10 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 bite | aux |
| 11 | bite | bite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 untrained | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | the company of children | untrained property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bite | future | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
It is on duty, and distraction may endanger the person it serves
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 duty | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 duty | cop |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 duty | case |
| 4 | duty | duty | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 endanger | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 endanger | cc |
| 7 | distraction | distraction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 endanger | nsubj |
| 8 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 endanger | aux |
| 9 | endanger | endanger | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 duty | parataxis |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 person | det |
| 11 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 endanger | obj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 serves | nsubj |
| 13 | serves | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 person | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | duty | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | endanger | may | distraction | the person | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | serve | present | distraction | the person not said here | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Attribute |
Option 3
It is likely to transmit disease to any person who touches it
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 likely | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 likely | cop |
| 3 | likely | likely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 transmit | mark |
| 5 | transmit | transmit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 likely | xcomp |
| 6 | disease | disease | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 transmit | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 person | case |
| 8 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 9 person | det |
| 9 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 transmit | obl |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 touches | nsubj |
| 11 | touches | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 person | acl:relcl |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 touches | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | likely property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | transmit | to-infinitive | disease | any person | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent disease=Theme to person=Destination | ||||
| 3 | touch | present | any person | disease | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |
Option 4
The harness conducts electricity
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 harness | det |
| 2 | harness | harness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 conducts | nsubj |
| 3 | conducts | conduct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | electricity | electricity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 conducts | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | conduct | present | the harness | electricity | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/e4/