Test 2 · ★★ · Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read t…
«a cow's more dangerous than a shark? yeah right, sharks are in every headline» What is true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sharks, headline · What happens: be · To what, where: headline
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 296 «Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 6 dangerous | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cow | det |
| 3 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dangerous | nsubj |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 cow | case |
| 5 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 6 dangerous | advmod |
| 6 | dangerous | dangerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 right | nsubj |
| 7 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 shark | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 shark | det |
| 9 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dangerous | obl |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 dangerous | punct |
| 11 | yeah | yeah | INTJ | _ | 12 right | discourse |
| 12 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 headline | punct |
| 14 | sharks | shark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 headline | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 headline | cop |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 headline | case |
| 17 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 headline | det |
| 18 | headline | headline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 right | obl |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 18 headline | punct |
| 20 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 true | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 true | cop |
| 22 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 headline | acl:relcl |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 12 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | sharks | every headline | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | every headline | true property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Sharks bite only in films, never in real seas
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sharks | shark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 bite | nsubj |
| 2 | bite | bite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 films | advmod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 films | case |
| 5 | films | film | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 bite | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 seas | punct |
| 7 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 10 seas | advmod |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 seas | case |
| 9 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 seas | amod |
| 10 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 bite | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bite | present | Sharks | films | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent film=Patient |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Cows and dogs hurt more people each year; shark bites are rare, so they make news
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hurt | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 dogs | cc |
| 3 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Cows | conj |
| 4 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 people | amod |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hurt | obj |
| 7 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 year | det |
| 8 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hurt | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 rare | punct |
| 10 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 bites | compound |
| 11 | bites | bite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rare | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 rare | cop |
| 13 | rare | rare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 hurt | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 make | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 make | advmod |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 make | nsubj |
| 17 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hurt | parataxis |
| 18 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 make | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurt | present | Cows and dogs | more people | year | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient | |||
| 2 | is | present | shark bites | rare property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | make | present | bites = bite | news | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset news=Product |
Option 3
Sharks hurt far more people than cows, the news is right
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sharks | shark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hurt | nsubj |
| 2 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 more | advmod |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 people | amod |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hurt | obj |
| 6 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 cows | case |
| 7 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 people | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 right | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 news | det |
| 10 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 right | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 right | cop |
| 12 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 hurt | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurt | present | Sharks | more people | than cows | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient | |||
| 2 | is | present | the news | right property | tree rules |
Option 4
Cows never hurt anyone, they're gentle
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hurt | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 hurt | advmod |
| 3 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 hurt | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 gentle | punct |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 gentle | nsubj |
| 7 | 're | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 gentle | cop |
| 8 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 hurt | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hurt | past | Cows | anyone | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anyone=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | present | Cows = cow | gentle property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/t2/