Exam question 1 · The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats and animals

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the classification of whales.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, classify · To what, where: response, classification, whales

This is exam question 1 of lesson 298 «The big biology quiz, part 1: habitats and animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 classification	det
11	classification	classification	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 whales	case
13	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 classification	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the classification of whales		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus classification=Experiencer
4	classify			whales		nom classification «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Whales are amphibians capable of residence on land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 amphibians	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 amphibians	cop
3	amphibians	amphibian	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 amphibians	amod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 residence	case
6	residence	residence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 capable	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 land	case
8	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 amphibians	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Whales	amphibians		land			tree rules

Option 2

Whales are fish, by reason of their fins

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fish	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fish	cop
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 reason	punct
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 reason	case
6	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fish	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 fins	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 fins	nmod:poss
9	fins	fin	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 reason	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Whales	fish and reason of Whales's fins					tree rules

Option 3

Whales are reptiles inhabiting the ocean

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reptiles	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reptiles	cop
3	reptiles	reptile	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	inhabiting	inhabit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 reptiles	acl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ocean	det
6	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 inhabiting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Whales	reptiles					tree rules
2	inhabit	gerund	reptiles not said here	the ocean					tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Whales are mammals, which respire air and nourish their young with milk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mammals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mammals	cop
3	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 respire	punct
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 respire	nsubj
6	respire	respire	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mammals	parataxis
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 respire	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 nourish	cc
9	nourish	nourish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 respire	conj
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 young	nmod:poss
11	young	young	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 nourish	obj
12	with	with	ADP	_	13 milk	case
13	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 nourish	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Whales	mammals		tree rules
2	respire	present	mammals	air		tree rules
3	nourish	present	mammals not said here	Whales's young	with milk	vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent young=Patient with milk=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/298-the-big-biology-quiz-part-1-habitats-and-animals/e1/