Test 11 · ★ · The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor

«how does a jaguar kill a turtle, the shell's well hard» Which is closest to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: jaguar, shell, hard · What happens: kill, be · To what, where: turtle · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 3 «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 kill	punct
2	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	6 kill	advmod
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 kill	aux
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 jaguar	det
5	jaguar	jaguar	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kill	nsubj
6	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 turtle	det
8	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kill	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 hard	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 shell	det
11	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hard	nsubj
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 hard	cop
13	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 hard	advmod
14	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 closest	nsubj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 hard	punct
16	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 closest	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 closest	cop
18	closest	close	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 kill	parataxis
19	to	to	ADP	_	21 truth	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 truth	det
21	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 closest	obl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 kill	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	kill in a quote	present · do-support	a jaguar	a turtle		tree rules
2	is in a quote	present	the shell		hard, well property	tree rules
3	is	present	hard		to the truth; close property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Its very strong bite can break through the shell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 bite	nmod:poss
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 strong	advmod
3	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bite	amod
4	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 break	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 break	aux
6	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 shell	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shell	det
9	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 break	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	can	Its strong bite			the shell			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through shell=Location
2	bite		Its = it						nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

It waits for the turtle to come out of its shell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 turtle	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 turtle	det
5	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 waits	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 come	mark
7	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	advcl
8	out	out	ADV	_	7 come	advmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 shell	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 shell	nmod:poss
11	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	present	It					for the turtle	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come out	to-infinitive						of turtle's shell; out property	vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Jaguars never eat turtles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jaguars	jaguar	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 eat	advmod
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	turtles	turtle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not eat	present	Jaguars	turtles					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turtle=Patient

Option 4

It rolls the turtle into a river

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rolls	nsubj
2	rolls	roll	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 turtle	det
4	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rolls	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 river	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 river	det
7	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rolls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	roll	present	It	the turtle		a river			vn run-51.3.2-2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location turtle=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/t11/