Test 12 · ★★★ · Snakes and lizards

Why is a snake's way of eating whole a good fit for an animal that can't chew?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: way, animal · What happens: be, eat, not chew · To what, where: way, whole good fit

This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Snakes and lizards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 way	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 way	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 snake	det
4	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 way	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 snake	case
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	SCONJ	_	8 eating	mark
8	eating	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 way	acl
9	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 fit	amod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 fit	det
11	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 fit	amod
12	fit	fit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 eating	obj
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 animal	case
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 animal	det
15	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fit	nmod
16	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	19 chew	nsubj
17	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 chew	aux
18	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 chew	advmod
19	chew	chew	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 animal	acl:relcl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 way	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a snake's way		tree rules
2	eat	gerund	a snake's way not said here	a whole good fit	for a animal	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fit=Patient
3	not chew	can	a animal			vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Stretchy jaws let it swallow big prey in one piece

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stretchy	stretchy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 jaws	amod
2	jaws	jaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 let	nsubj
3	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 let	obj
5	swallow	swallow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 let	xcomp
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 prey	amod
7	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 swallow	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 piece	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 piece	nummod
10	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 swallow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	present	Stretchy jaws	it					tree rules
2	swallow	infinitive		big prey		one piece			vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Patient

Option 2

It chews its food slowly with its rough tongue instead of teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 chews	nsubj
2	chews	chew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 food	nmod:poss
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chews	obj
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 chews	advmod
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 tongue	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tongue	nmod:poss
8	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 tongue	amod
9	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chews	obl
10	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	12 teeth	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	10 instead	fixed
12	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 chews	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chew	present	It	its food				with food's rough tongue; instead teeth; slowly property	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient

Option 3

It cuts food with its scales

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cuts	nsubj
2	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cuts	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 scales	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 scales	nmod:poss
6	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cuts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cut	present	It	food				with food's scales	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient with scale=Instrument

Option 4

It eats only liquid food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 eats	nsubj
2	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 liquid	advmod
4	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eats	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	It	liquid food					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/t12/