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Test 11 · ★★ · The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conser…

A spray kills insects on a farm but makes the eggshells of birds thin. What would happen to birds like eagles?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: spray · What happens: kill, make, happen · To what, where: insects, farm, eggshells

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 300 «The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conservation and food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A spray kills insects on a farm but makes the eggshells of birds thin.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spray	det
2	spray	spray	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 kills	nsubj
3	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kills	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 farm	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 farm	det
7	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 kills	obl
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 makes	cc
9	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 kills	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 eggshells	det
11	eggshells	eggshell	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 makes	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 birds	case
13	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 eggshells	nmod
14	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 makes	xcomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 kills	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	a spray	insects		a farm			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme
2	make	present	a spray not said here	the eggshells of birds				thin property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset eggshell=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would happen to birds like eagles?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 birds	case
5	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 eagles	case
7	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 birds	nmod
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						to birds like eagles	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Eagles would grow stronger shells

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	aux
3	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 shells	amod
5	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	would	Eagles	stronger shells					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Nothing, eagles do not eat anything sprayed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 eat	punct
3	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eat	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eat	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 eat	advmod
6	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Nothing	parataxis
7	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 eat	obj
8	sprayed	spray	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 eat	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not eat	present · do-support	eagles	anything					tree rules
2	spray	participle	eagles not said here						vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Fewer chicks would hatch, and their numbers would fall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 chicks	amod
2	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hatch	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hatch	aux
4	hatch	hatch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 fall	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 fall	cc
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 numbers	nmod:poss
8	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 fall	nsubj
9	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 fall	aux
10	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 hatch	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hatch	would	Fewer chicks						vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent
2	fall	would	chicks's numbers						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

More eagles would hatch than before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	More	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 eagles	amod
2	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hatch	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hatch	aux
4	hatch	hatch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 before	case
6	before	before	ADV	_	4 hatch	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hatch	would	More eagles					before property	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/300-the-big-biology-quiz-part-3-dinosaurs-evolution-conservation-and-food/t11/