Test 11 · Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lo…

Why might people need a hammer for a nut a hyacinth macaw cracks with its beak?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: people, hyacinth macaw · What happens: need, crack · To what, where: hammer

This is test 11 of lesson 303 «Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 need	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 cracks	advcl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hammer	det
6	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 nut	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 nut	det
9	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 macaw	det
11	hyacinth	hyacinth	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 macaw	compound
12	macaw	macaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cracks	nsubj
13	cracks	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	with	with	ADP	_	16 beak	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 beak	nmod:poss
16	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cracks	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 cracks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	might	people	a hammer				for a nut	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hammer=Theme
2	crack	present	a hyacinth macaw					with macaw's beak	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with beak=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Macaws only eat soft nuts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Macaws	macaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 eat	advmod
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 nuts	amod
5	nuts	nut	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Macaws	soft nuts					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Patient

Option 2

The macaw softens the nut by singing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 macaw	det
2	macaw	macaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 softens	nsubj
3	softens	soften	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 nut	det
5	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 softens	obj
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 singing	mark
7	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 softens	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soften	present	the macaw	the nut					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent nut=Patient
2	sing speech: express	gerund	the macaw not said here						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The macaw drops it from the sky first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 macaw	det
2	macaw	macaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drops	nsubj
3	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drops	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 sky	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sky	det
7	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drops	obl
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 drops	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	present	the macaw	it		the sky		first property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme from sky=Destination

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The macaw's beak is extremely strong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 macaw	det
2	macaw	macaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beak	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 macaw	case
4	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 strong	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 strong	cop
6	extremely	extremely	ADV	_	7 strong	advmod
7	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the macaw's beak					extremely, strong property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea/t11/