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Test 4 · Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lo…

In Aladdin, the parrot Iago chats with people as if he understands every word. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: parrot · What happens: chat, understand, be · To what, where: Aladdin, word

This is test 4 of lesson 303 «Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Aladdin, the parrot Iago chats with people as if he understands every word.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Aladdin	case
2	Aladdin	Aladdin	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 chats	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Aladdin	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 parrot	det
5	parrot	parrot	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chats	nsubj
6	Iago	Iago	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 parrot	appos
7	chats	chat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 people	case
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 chats	obl
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 understands	mark
11	if	if	SCONJ	_	13 understands	mark
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 understands	nsubj
13	understands	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 chats	advcl
14	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	15 word	det
15	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 understands	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 chats	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chat speech: other	present	the parrot			Aladdin		with people	vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with people=Co-Agent
2	understand	present	parrot	every word					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Parrots cannot copy any sound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 copy	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 copy	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 copy	advmod
4	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 sound	det
6	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 copy	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not copy	can	Parrots	any sound					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme

Option 2

Parrots understand and speak every language, if they hear it long enough

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 understand	nsubj
2	understand	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 speak	cc
4	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 understand	conj
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 language	det
6	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 speak	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hear	punct
8	if	if	SCONJ	_	10 hear	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hear	nsubj
10	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 understand	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hear	obj
12	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 hear	advmod
13	enough	enough	ADV	_	10 hear	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	understand	present	Parrots						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	speak speech: other	present	Parrots not said here	every language					tree rules
3	hear a condition, not said to happen	present	Parrots = parrot	language				enough, long property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Only cartoon parrots can copy sounds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 parrots	advmod
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 parrots	compound
3	parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 copy	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 copy	aux
5	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 copy	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	can	cartoon parrots	sounds					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Parrots are brilliant mimics, but they do not hold real chats like people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 mimics	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mimics	cop
3	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 mimics	amod
4	mimics	mimic	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hold	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 hold	cc
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hold	nsubj
8	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hold	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 hold	advmod
10	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 mimics	acl:relcl
11	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 chats	amod
12	chats	chat	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hold	obj
13	like	like	ADP	_	14 people	case
14	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Parrots	brilliant mimics					tree rules
2	not hold	present · do-support	Parrots = parrot	real chats				like people	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chat=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea/t4/