Exam question 3 · Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the repletes of honeypot ants?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: repletes

This is exam question 3 of lesson 304 «Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 repletes	det
10	repletes	replete	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 ants	case
12	honeypot	honeypot	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ants	compound
13	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 repletes	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the repletes of honeypot ants				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Queens that produce honey in place of eggs and are fed by the workers in return

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Queens	queen	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fed	nsubj:pass
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 produce	nsubj
3	produce	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Queens	acl:relcl
4	honey	honey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 produce	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 place	case
6	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 produce	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 eggs	case
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 place	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 produce	cc
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 fed	aux:pass
11	fed	feed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 workers	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 workers	det
14	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fed	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 return	case
16	return	return	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 workers	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present	Queens	honey		place of eggs			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honey=Result
2	feed	present · passive	the workers in return	Queens					vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient

Option 2

Soldiers that defend the nest with stings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 defend	nsubj
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 defend	nsubj
3	defend	defend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 nest	det
5	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 defend	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 stings	case
7	stings	sting	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 defend	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	defend	present	Soldiers	the nest				with stings	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Beneficiary

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Workers whose abdomens are distended with liquid food, serving as stores for the colony

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 distended	nsubj:pass
2	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	3 abdomens	nmod:poss
3	abdomens	abdomen	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Workers	nmod
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 distended	aux:pass
5	distended	distend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 food	case
7	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 food	amod
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 distended	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 serving	punct
10	serving	serve	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 distended	conj
11	as	as	ADP	_	12 stores	case
12	stores	store	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 serving	obl
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 colony	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 colony	det
15	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 serving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	distend	present · passive		Workers Workers Workers's abdomens's abdomens				with liquid food	vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with food=Instrument
2	serve	gerund						as stores; for the colony	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as store=Attribute

Option 4

Larvae that spin silk for the nest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Larvae	larva	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 spin	nsubj
3	spin	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Larvae	acl:relcl
4	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spin	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 nest	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 nest	det
7	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spin	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spin	present	Larvae	silk				for the nest	vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent silk=Result for nest=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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