Test 4 · ★★ · Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases…

In A Bug's Life, Francis the ladybird and Dim the beetle are called «bugs». What would a scientist say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: scientist · What happens: call, say · To what, where: Francis, Life · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 306 «Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In A Bug's Life, Francis the ladybird and Dim the beetle are called «bugs».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	5 Life	case
2	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 Bug	det
3	Bug	Bug	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Life	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Bug	case
5	Life	Life	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 called	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Francis	punct
7	Francis	Francis	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 called	nsubj:pass
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ladybird	det
9	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Francis	appos
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 Dim	cc
11	Dim	Dim	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Francis	conj
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 beetle	det
13	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Francis	appos
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 called	aux:pass
15	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
16	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 bugs	punct
17	bugs	bug	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 called	xcomp
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 bugs	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · passive		Francis and Dim		a Bug's Life			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a scientist say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 say	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 say	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 scientist	det
4	scientist	scientist	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 say	nsubj
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	would	a scientist						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Beetles and ladybirds chew, so they are not true bugs, which suck through straws

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 chew	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 ladybirds	cc
3	ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Beetles	conj
4	chew	chew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 bugs	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	11 bugs	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 bugs	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 bugs	cop
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 bugs	advmod
10	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 bugs	amod
11	bugs	bug	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 chew	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 suck	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 suck	nsubj
14	suck	suck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 bugs	acl:relcl
15	through	through	ADP	_	16 straws	case
16	straws	straw	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 suck	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	chew	present	Beetles and ladybirds			vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not is a	present	Beetles = beetle	true bugs		tree rules
3	suck	present	true bugs		straws	vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Only spiders are true bugs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	5 bugs	advmod
2	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 bugs	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bugs	cop
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bugs	amod
5	bugs	bug	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	spiders	true bugs					tree rules

Option 3

Ladybirds are true bugs, because they are small and round, but beetles are not

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bugs	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bugs	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bugs	amod
4	bugs	bug	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 small	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 small	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 small	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 small	cop
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bugs	amod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 round	cc
11	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 small	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 beetles	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 beetles	cc
14	beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bugs	conj
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 not	cop
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 bugs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Ladybirds	true bugs but beetles		tree rules
2	is	present	Ladybirds = ladybird		small property	tree rules
3	be		Ladybirds = ladybird not said here			tree rules

Option 4

Every insect is a true bug

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 insect	det
2	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bug	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bug	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bug	det
5	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bug	amod
6	bug	bug	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	every insect	a true bug					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs/t4/