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Test 5 · Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs…

In a cartoon, a frog sips water from a glass through a straw. What is true for most real frogs?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: frog · What happens: sip, be · To what, where: water, cartoon

This is test 5 of lesson 308 «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a frog sips water from a glass through a straw.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sips	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 frog	det
6	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sips	nsubj
7	sips	sip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sips	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 glass	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 glass	det
11	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sips	obl
12	through	through	ADP	_	14 straw	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 straw	det
14	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sips	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sips	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sip	present	a frog	water		a cartoon		from a glass; through a straw	vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true for most real frogs?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 frogs	case
5	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 frogs	amod
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 frogs	amod
7	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						for most real frogs; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

They drink a whole glass every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drink	nsubj
2	drink	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 glass	det
4	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 glass	amod
5	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drink	obj
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 day	det
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drink	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	They	a whole glass			day		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Patient

Option 2

They drink only with a straw-like tongue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drink	nsubj
2	drink	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 drink	advmod
4	with	with	ADP	_	9 tongue	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 tongue	det
6	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 like	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 straw	punct
8	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 tongue	amod
9	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drink	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	They					with a like tongue	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

They never take in any water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 take	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 take	advmod
3	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 water	case
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 water	det
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 take	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not take	present	They			any water			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They soak water in through their skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 soak	nsubj
2	soak	soak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 soak	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	2 soak	compound:prt
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 skin	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 skin	nmod:poss
7	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 soak	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soak in	present	They	water		their skin			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent water=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/t5/