Test 6 · Turtles and tortoises
In a video game your turtle hero swims in a cold sea and keeps its body warm by itself like a dog. Which real turtle comes closest to that?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: turtle hero, real turtle · What happens: swim, keep, come · To what, where: video game, body
This is test 6 of lesson 31 «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a video game your turtle hero swims in a cold sea and keeps its body warm by itself like a dog.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 game | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 game | det |
| 3 | video | video | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 game | compound |
| 4 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swims | obl |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 hero | nmod:poss |
| 6 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hero | compound |
| 7 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swims | nsubj |
| 8 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 sea | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 sea | det |
| 11 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 sea | amod |
| 12 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swims | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 keeps | cc |
| 14 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 swims | conj |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 body | nmod:poss |
| 16 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 keeps | obj |
| 17 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 keeps | xcomp |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 itself | case |
| 19 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 keeps | obl |
| 20 | like | like | ADP | _ | 22 dog | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 dog | det |
| 22 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 keeps | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 swims | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swim | present | your turtle hero | a video game | in a cold sea | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in game=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | keep | present | your turtle hero not said here | hero's body | by hero; like a dog; warm property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent body=Theme by itself=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which real turtle comes closest to that?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 comes | obj |
| 2 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 turtle | amod |
| 3 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | nsubj |
| 4 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | closest | close | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 comes | parataxis |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 that | case |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 closest | obl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 comes | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | real turtle | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location which=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
The leatherback, whose huge body stays warm in cold seas
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 leatherback | det |
| 2 | leatherback | leatherback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stays | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 stays | punct |
| 4 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 6 body | nmod:poss |
| 5 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 body | amod |
| 6 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stays | nsubj |
| 7 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 stays | xcomp |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 seas | case |
| 10 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 seas | amod |
| 11 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 stays | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present | the leatherback | cold seas | warm property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location |
Option 2
No turtle can be in cold water
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 turtle | det |
| 2 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 water | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 water | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 water | cop |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 water | case |
| 6 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 water | amod |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | can | no turtle | cold water | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
The box turtle in a garden
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 turtle | det |
| 2 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turtle | compound |
| 3 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 garden | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 garden | det |
| 6 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turtle | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
The painted turtle under ice
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 turtle | det |
| 2 | painted | paint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 turtle | amod |
| 3 | turtle | turtle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | under | under | ADP | _ | 5 ice | case |
| 5 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 turtle | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | paint | participle | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/t6/