Exam question 1 · Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, gr…
Identify the material of which the baleen plates of a whale are composed.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, compose · To what, where: material, baleen plates
This is exam question 1 of lesson 312 «Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 material | det |
| 3 | material | material | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Identify | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 composed | obl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 plates | det |
| 7 | baleen | baleen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 plates | compound |
| 8 | plates | plate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 whale | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 whale | det |
| 11 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 plates | nmod |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 composed | aux:pass |
| 13 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 material | acl:relcl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the material | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent material=Theme | ||||
| 2 | compose | present · passive | the baleen plates of a whale | of the material | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Keratin, the substance of which human fingernails are composed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keratin | Keratin | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 substance | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 substance | det |
| 4 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Keratin | appos |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 which | case |
| 6 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 8 fingernails | det |
| 7 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 fingernails | amod |
| 8 | fingernails | fingernail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 composed | aux:pass |
| 10 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 substance | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | which human fingernails | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Option 2
Cartilage, the substance of which the human ear is composed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cartilage | cartilage | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 substance | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 substance | det |
| 4 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Cartilage | appos |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 which | case |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 composed | obl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ear | det |
| 8 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 ear | amod |
| 9 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 composed | aux:pass |
| 11 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 substance | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | the human ear | of the substance | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Option 3
Enamel, the substance of which human teeth are composed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enamel | Enamel | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 substance | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 substance | det |
| 4 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Enamel | appos |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 which | case |
| 6 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 8 teeth | det |
| 7 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 teeth | amod |
| 8 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 composed | aux:pass |
| 10 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 substance | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | which human teeth | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Option 4
Calcium carbonate, the substance of which shells are composed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Calcium | calcium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 carbonate | compound |
| 2 | carbonate | carbonate | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 substance | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 substance | det |
| 5 | substance | substance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 carbonate | appos |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 which | case |
| 7 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 8 shells | det |
| 8 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 composed | aux:pass |
| 10 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 substance | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | which shells | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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