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Test 11 · ★★ · Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why…

A man finds bats sleeping in a cold cellar in January and wakes them to look. Why is this harmful?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: man, bats, this · What happens: find, sleep, wake, look, be · To what, where: bats, cold cellar

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 315 «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A man finds bats sleeping in a cold cellar in January and wakes them to look.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 finds	nsubj
3	finds	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 finds	obj
5	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 bats	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 cellar	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cellar	det
8	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 cellar	amod
9	cellar	cellar	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sleeping	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 January	case
11	January	January	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 cellar	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 wakes	cc
13	wakes	wake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 finds	conj
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 wakes	obj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 look	mark
16	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 wakes	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 finds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	a man	bats					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bat=Topic
2	sleep	gerund	bats not said here			a cold cellar in January			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in cellar=Location
3	wake	present	a man not said here	bats = bat					tree rules
4	look	to-infinitive	a man not said here						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is this harmful?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 harmful	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 harmful	cop
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 harmful	nsubj
4	harmful	harmful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 harmful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this					harmful property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It makes them grow too fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	obj
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 makes	xcomp
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 fast	advmod
6	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 makes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	It	them = they				fast property	tree rules
2	grow	infinitive	them = they not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Waking uses up fat they need to survive the rest of winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Waking	wake	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 uses	compound:prt
4	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 need	nsubj
6	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fat	acl:relcl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 survive	mark
8	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 need	xcomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 rest	det
10	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 survive	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 winter	case
12	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rest	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wake	gerund							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	use up	present		fat					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient
3	need	present	they	fat not said here					tree rules
4	survive not said to happen	to-infinitive	fat not said here	the rest of winter					vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme rest=Circumstance

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It gives them a nasty cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gives	nsubj
2	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gives	iobj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cold	det
5	nasty	nasty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 cold	amod
6	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gives	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	It	a nasty cold	them = they				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient cold=Theme

Option 4

It stops them flying for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stops	nsubj
2	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stops	obj
4	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stops	xcomp
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 ever	case
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 flying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	It	them = they					tree rules
2	fly	gerund							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/t11/