Exam question 2 · Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growi…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the dentition of the house mouse.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, dentition

This is exam question 2 of lesson 316 «Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dentition	det
11	dentition	dentition	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 mouse	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 mouse	det
14	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 mouse	compound
15	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 dentition	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the dentition of the house mouse		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dentition=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It possesses thirty-two teeth, including prominent canines for seizing prey, with no gap between incisors and molars

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 teeth	nummod
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 two	punct
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 thirty	conj
6	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possesses	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 canines	punct
8	including	including	ADP	_	10 canines	case
9	prominent	prominent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 canines	amod
10	canines	canine	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 teeth	appos
11	for	for	SCONJ	_	12 seizing	mark
12	seizing	seize	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 canines	acl
13	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 seizing	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 gap	punct
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 gap	case
16	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	17 gap	det
17	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obl
18	between	between	ADP	_	19 incisors	case
19	incisors	incisor	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 gap	nmod
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 molars	cc
21	molars	molar	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 incisors	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	thirty teeth				with no gap between incisors and molars	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme
2	seize	gerund	prominent canines not said here	prey					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme

Option 2

It possesses forty-two teeth which are shed annually

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 teeth	nummod
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 two	punct
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 teeth	nummod
6	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possesses	obj
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 shed	nsubj:pass
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 shed	aux:pass
9	shed	shed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 teeth	acl:relcl
10	annually	annually	ADV	_	2 possesses	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	forty two teeth				annually property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme
2	shed	present · passive		forty two teeth					vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Source

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It possesses sixteen teeth, four incisors and twelve molars, separated by a gap and lacking canines

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 teeth	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 teeth	cop
3	sixteen	sixteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 teeth	nummod
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 incisors	punct
6	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 incisors	nummod
7	incisors	incisor	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 teeth	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 molars	cc
9	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 molars	nummod
10	molars	molar	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 teeth	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 separated	punct
12	separated	separate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 teeth	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 gap	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 gap	det
15	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 separated	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 lacking	cc
17	lacking	lack	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 gap	conj
18	canines	canine	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 lacking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	sixteen teeth and four incisors and twelve molars		tree rules
2	separate	participle		sixteen teeth and four incisors and twelve molars not said here	by a gap	vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	lack	gerund		canines		tree rules

Option 4

It possesses four teeth only, all of which are molars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 teeth	nummod
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possesses	obj
5	only	only	ADV	_	2 possesses	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 molars	punct
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 molars	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 all	nmod
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 molars	cop
11	molars	molar	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possesses	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	It	four teeth					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme
2	is a	present	all	molars					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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