Test 9 · ★ · Big snakes: pythons, boas and anacondas, and how big they…
Someone holds a small snake right in front of the camera and stands back. Why does the snake look huge in the photo?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Someone, snake · What happens: hold, stand back, look · To what, where: small snake, front
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 321 «Big snakes: pythons, boas and anacondas, and how big they really get» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Someone holds a small snake right in front of the camera and stands back.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 2 holds | nsubj |
| 2 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 snake | det |
| 4 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 snake | amod |
| 5 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 holds | obj |
| 6 | right | right | ADV | _ | 8 front | advmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 front | case |
| 8 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 holds | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 camera | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 camera | det |
| 11 | camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 front | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 stands | cc |
| 13 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 holds | conj |
| 14 | back | back | ADV | _ | 13 stands | advmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 holds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | present | Someone | a small snake | front of the camera | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent snake=Theme in front=Location | |||
| 2 | stand back | present | Someone not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why does the snake look huge in the photo?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 look | advmod |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 look | aux |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 snake | det |
| 4 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 look | nsubj |
| 5 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 look | xcomp |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 photo | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 photo | det |
| 9 | photo | photo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 huge | obl |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 look | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present · do-support | the snake | huge property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
The options
Option 1
Snakes really grow when they are scared
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 3 grow | advmod |
| 3 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 7 scared | mark |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 scared | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 scared | cop |
| 7 | scared | scared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 grow | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | Snakes | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | present | Snakes = snake | scared property | tree rules |
Option 2
The camera adds metres to snakes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 camera | det |
| 2 | camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 adds | nsubj |
| 3 | adds | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 adds | obj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 snakes | case |
| 6 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 adds | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | add speech: assert | present | the camera | metres | to snakes | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent metre=Patient to snake=Co-Patient |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Things nearer the camera look bigger than they are
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 nearer | nsubj |
| 2 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 camera | det |
| 4 | camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nearer | nsubj |
| 5 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 nearer | parataxis |
| 6 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 look | xcomp |
| 7 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 9 are | mark |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 are | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bigger | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | infinitive | big property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | does | present | Things = thing | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
The snake puffs up for photos
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 snake | det |
| 2 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 puffs | nsubj |
| 3 | puffs | puff | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 puffs | compound:prt |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 photos | case |
| 6 | photos | photo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 puffs | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | puff up | present | the snake | for photos | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/321-big-snakes-pythons-boas-and-anacondas-and-how-big-they-really-get/t9/