Exam question 2 · The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees an…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a large bumblebee observed flying close to the ground in early spring?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: large bumblebee · What happens: follow, characteris, observe, fly

This is exam question 2 of lesson 333 «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bumblebee	det
10	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 bumblebee	amod
11	bumblebee	bumblebee	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 observed	nsubj
12	observed	observe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 characterises	ccomp
13	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 observed	xcomp
14	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 flying	advmod
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 ground	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 ground	det
17	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 close	obl
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 spring	case
19	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 spring	amod
20	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 flying	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present			of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	observe	past	a large bumblebee			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	fly	gerund	a large bumblebee not said here	spring	close property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a queen, the sole survivor of the winter, in search of a site for a new nest

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 queen	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 queen	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 queen	det
4	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 survivor	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 survivor	det
7	sole	sole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 survivor	amod
8	survivor	survivor	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 queen	appos
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 winter	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 winter	det
11	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 survivor	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 search	punct
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 search	case
14	search	search	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 queen	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 site	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 site	det
17	site	site	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 search	nmod
18	for	for	ADP	_	21 nest	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 nest	det
20	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 nest	amod
21	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 search	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a queen and search of a site for a new nest					tree rules
2	search			a site				for a new nest	nom search «act transitive»: of=patient for=obl

Option 2

It is a male in search of honey stored from the previous year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 male	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 male	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 male	det
4	male	male	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 search	case
6	search	search	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 male	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 honey	case
8	honey	honey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 male	nmod
9	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 honey	acl
10	from	from	ADP	_	13 year	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 year	det
12	previous	previous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 year	amod
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stored	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a male		search		of honey	tree rules
2	store	participle		honey not said here			year		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is an insect of a species unrelated to bumblebees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 insect	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 insect	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 insect	det
4	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 species	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 species	det
7	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 insect	nmod
8	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bumblebees	case
9	to	to	ADP	_	8 unrelated	fixed
10	bumblebees	bumblebee	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 species	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a insect				of a species unrelated bumblebees	tree rules

Option 4

It is a worker returning to a hive occupied throughout the winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worker	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worker	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 worker	det
4	worker	worker	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	returning	return	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 worker	acl
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 hive	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hive	det
8	hive	hive	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 returning	obl
9	occupied	occupy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 hive	acl
10	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	12 winter	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 winter	det
12	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 occupied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a worker			tree rules
2	return	gerund	a worker not said here			to a hive result	vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to hive=Result
3	occupy	participle		a hive not said here	winter		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/e2/