Exam question 2 · Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, lime…

Identify the principal reason for which vehicles stationed beneath lime trees in summer become sticky.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, vehicles · What happens: identify, station, become · To what, where: principal reason, lime trees

This is exam question 2 of lesson 339 «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 stationed	obl
7	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 stationed	nsubj
8	stationed	station	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
9	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	11 trees	case
10	lime	lime	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 trees	compound
11	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 stationed	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 summer	case
13	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 become	obl
14	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 stationed	conj
15	sticky	sticky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 become	xcomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	station	past	vehicles		lime trees		for the principal reason	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent beneath tree=Destination
3	become	present	vehicles not said here			summer	sticky property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The bark of the lime secretes an adhesive resin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bark	det
2	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 secretes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 lime	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lime	det
5	lime	lime	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bark	nmod
6	secretes	secrete	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 resin	det
8	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 resin	amod
9	resin	resin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 secretes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	secrete	present	the bark of the lime	a adhesive resin					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Aphids feeding upon the foliage excrete a sweet substance designated honeydew

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Aphids	aphid	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 excrete	nsubj
2	feeding	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Aphids	acl
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 foliage	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 foliage	det
5	foliage	foliage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feeding	obl
6	excrete	excrete	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 substance	det
8	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 substance	amod
9	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 excrete	obj
10	designated	designate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 honeydew	amod
11	honeydew	honeydew	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 substance	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	feed	gerund	Aphids not said here		upon the foliage	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent
2	excrete	infinitive	Aphids	a sweet substance		tree rules
3	designate	participle				vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The fruit of the lime releases its juice upon ripening

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fruit	det
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 releases	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 lime	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lime	det
5	lime	lime	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fruit	nmod
6	releases	release	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 juice	nmod:poss
8	juice	juice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 releases	obj
9	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	10 ripening	mark
10	ripening	ripen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 releases	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	present	the fruit of the lime	fruit's juice					vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer juice=Source
2	ripen	gerund	the fruit of the lime not said here						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Bees deposit honey upon objects beneath their foraging sites

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 deposit	nsubj
2	deposit	deposit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	honey	honey	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 deposit	obj
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 objects	case
5	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 deposit	obl
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	9 sites	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 sites	nmod:poss
8	foraging	foraging	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sites	compound
9	sites	site	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 deposit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deposit	present	Bees	honey		objects		beneath Bees's foraging sites	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent honey=Theme upon object=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/e2/