Test 12 · ★ · Birds of prey and owls

Why is the osprey's fish turned head forward in its feet?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: fish · What happens: be, turn · To what, where: head

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 34 «Birds of prey and owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 turned	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 osprey	det
4	osprey	osprey	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fish	nmod:poss
5	's	's	PART	_	4 osprey	case
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turned	nsubj
7	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turned	obj
9	forward	forward	ADV	_	7 turned	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 feet	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 feet	nmod:poss
12	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 turned	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 turned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						why property	tree rules
2	turn	past	the osprey's fish	head				in fish's feet; forward property	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Patient in foot=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

So the fish does not bite the osprey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	6 bite	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fish	det
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bite	nsubj
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bite	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 bite	advmod
6	bite	bite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 osprey	det
8	osprey	osprey	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bite	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not bite	present · do-support	the fish	the osprey					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent osprey=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

So it slips through the air like a torpedo

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	3 slips	advmod
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 slips	nsubj
3	slips	slip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 air	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slips	obl
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 torpedo	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 torpedo	det
9	torpedo	torpedo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slips	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slip	present	it			the air		like a torpedo	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3

So the fish can see where they are both going on the way to the nest

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	5 see	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fish	det
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 see	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 see	aux
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 going	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 going	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 going	aux
9	both	both	ADV	_	10 going	advmod
10	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 see	ccomp
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 way	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 way	det
13	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 going	obl
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 nest	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 nest	det
16	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 going	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	can	the fish						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	go	present · progressive	they			the way		to the nest; both property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to nest=Initial_Location

Option 4

So the fish can breathe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	5 breathe	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fish	det
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 breathe	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 breathe	aux
5	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	can	the fish						vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/34-birds-of-prey-and-owls/t12/