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Test 6 · ★ · Birds of prey and owls

A barn owl catches a vole under snow it cannot see. How?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: barn owl, owl · What happens: catch, not see · To what, where: vole, snow

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 34 «Birds of prey and owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A barn owl catches a vole under snow it cannot see.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 owl	det
2	barn	barn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 owl	compound
3	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 catches	nsubj
4	catches	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 vole	det
6	vole	vole	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 catches	obj
7	under	under	ADP	_	8 snow	case
8	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 catches	obl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 see	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 see	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 see	advmod
12	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 snow	acl:relcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 catches	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present	a barn owl	a vole		snow			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vole=Theme
2	not see	can	owl	snow not said here					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer snow=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

By seeing the heat of its body through the snow, like a camera

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 seeing	mark
2	seeing	see	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 heat	det
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seeing	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 body	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 body	nmod:poss
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heat	nmod
8	through	through	ADP	_	10 snow	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 snow	det
10	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seeing	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 camera	punct
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 camera	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 camera	det
14	camera	camera	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seeing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	gerund		the heat of heat's body		the snow		like a camera	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer heat=Stimulus
2	heat		heat's body						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

By smell through the snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 smell	case
2	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	5 snow	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 snow	det
5	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 smell	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

By guessing and digging everywhere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 guessing	mark
2	guessing	guess	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 digging	cc
4	digging	dig	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 guessing	conj
5	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	2 guessing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guess	gerund						everywhere property	vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	dig	gerund							vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

By sound, with ears at different heights telling it exactly where

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 sound	case
2	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 ears	punct
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 ears	case
5	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sound	conj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 heights	case
7	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 heights	amod
8	heights	height	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ears	nmod
9	telling	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 heights	acl
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 telling	obj
11	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	12 where	advmod
12	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 telling	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	gerund	different heights not said here		it				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/34-birds-of-prey-and-owls/t6/