Exam question 2 · Where eggs come from: hens, shell colours, sizes and what…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the colour of the eggshell?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: colour

This is exam question 2 of lesson 342 «Where eggs come from: hens, shell colours, sizes and what is inside» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 colour	det
10	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 eggshell	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 eggshell	det
13	eggshell	eggshell	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 colour	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the colour of the eggshell				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It indicates the quantity of calcium consumed on the day of laying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 quantity	det
4	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 calcium	case
6	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 quantity	nmod
7	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 quantity	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 day	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 day	det
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consumed	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 laying	case
12	laying	laying	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 day	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	the quantity of calcium					vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot quantity=Topic
2	consume	participle		the quantity of calcium not said here			day		vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It indicates that the egg is fertilised

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 fertilised	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 egg	det
5	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fertilised	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fertilised	aux:pass
7	fertilised	fertilis	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 indicates	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It						vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot
2	fertilis	present · passive		the egg					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is determined by the breed of the hen and does not indicate the nutritional value of the contents

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 determined	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 determined	aux:pass
3	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 breed	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 breed	det
6	breed	breed	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 determined	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 hen	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hen	det
9	hen	hen	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 breed	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 indicate	cc
11	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 indicate	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 indicate	advmod
13	indicate	indicate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 determined	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 value	det
15	nutritional	nutritional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 value	amod
16	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 indicate	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 contents	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 contents	det
19	contents	contents	NOUN	Number=Ptan	16 value	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	the breed of the hen	It	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
2	not indicate	present · do-support	the breed of the hen not said here	the nutritional value of the contents	vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot value=Topic
3	value			the contents	nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It is determined by the freshness of the egg, darker shells indicating that the egg was laid more recently

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 determined	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 determined	aux:pass
3	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 freshness	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 freshness	det
6	freshness	freshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 determined	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 egg	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 egg	det
9	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 freshness	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 shells	punct
11	darker	dark	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 shells	amod
12	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 determined	obl
13	indicating	indicate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 shells	acl
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	18 laid	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 egg	det
16	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 laid	nsubj
17	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 laid	aux:pass
18	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 indicating	advcl
19	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	18 laid	advmod
20	recently	recently	ADV	_	18 laid	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	the freshness of the egg	It	darker shells obl	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
2	indicate	gerund	darker shells not said here			vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot
3	lay	past · passive		the egg	recently property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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