Exam question 1 · A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter f…

Identify the principal reason for which sheep of most breeds must be shorn annually.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, shorn · To what, where: principal reason, sheep

This is exam question 1 of lesson 349 «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 shorn	obl
7	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 shorn	nsubj:pass
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 breeds	case
9	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 breeds	amod
10	breeds	breed	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 sheep	nmod
11	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 shorn	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 shorn	aux:pass
13	shorn	shorn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
14	annually	annually	ADV	_	13 shorn	advmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	shorn	must · passive		sheep of most breeds				for the principal reason; annually property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Their wool would otherwise be shed and lost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 wool	nmod:poss
2	wool	wool	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shed	nsubj:pass
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 shed	aux
4	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	6 shed	advmod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 shed	aux:pass
6	shed	shed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lost	cc
8	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 shed	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shed	would · passive		Their wool				otherwise property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Source
2	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Shearing promotes the growth of the animal in height

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shearing	shearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 promotes	nsubj
2	promotes	promote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 growth	det
4	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 promotes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 animal	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 growth	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 height	case
9	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 promotes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	promote	present	Shearing	the growth of the animal		height			vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Theme
2	grow		the animal						nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

Shearing is required for the identification of the animal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shearing	shearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 identification	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 identification	det
6	identification	identification	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 animal	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 animal	det
9	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 identification	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		Shearing				for the identification of the animal	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
2	identify			the animal					nom identification «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Such breeds continue to grow wool and would otherwise become overheated and soiled

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 breeds	amod
2	breeds	breed	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 continue	nsubj
3	continue	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 grow	mark
5	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 continue	xcomp
6	wool	wool	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grow	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 become	cc
8	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 become	aux
9	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	10 become	advmod
10	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 grow	conj
11	overheated	overheat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 become	xcomp
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 soiled	cc
13	soiled	soil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 overheated	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	continue	present	Such breeds			vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	grow	to-infinitive	Such breeds not said here	wool		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wool=Theme
3	become	would	Such breeds not said here		otherwise property	tree rules
4	overheat	participle	Such breeds not said here			vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	soil	participle	Such breeds not said here			vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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