Test 8 · ★ · Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist

In a cartoon a character bites a metal can and his teeth shatter like glass, then he grins with a gap that grows back. What is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: character, teeth, gap · What happens: bite, shatter, grin, grow back, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 352 «Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a character bites a metal can and his teeth shatter like glass, then he grins with a gap that grows back.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bites	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 character	det
5	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bites	nsubj
6	bites	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 metal	det
8	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 can	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 bites	ccomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 shatter	cc
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 teeth	nmod:poss
12	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 shatter	nsubj
13	shatter	shatter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bites	conj
14	like	like	ADP	_	15 glass	case
15	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shatter	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 grins	punct
17	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 grins	advmod
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 grins	nsubj
19	grins	grin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bites	conj
20	with	with	ADP	_	22 gap	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 gap	det
22	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 grins	obl
23	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 grows	nsubj
24	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 gap	acl:relcl
25	back	back	ADV	_	24 grows	advmod
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bites	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	present	a character	a cartoon			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location
2	shatter	present	character's teeth			like glass	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	grin	present	character		then	with a gap	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	grow back	present	a gap				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Teeth are as weak as glass, and a lost grown-up tooth grows back in a day or two

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 weak	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 weak	cop
3	as	as	ADV	_	4 weak	advmod
4	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 glass	case
6	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 weak	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 grows	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 grows	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 tooth	det
10	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 tooth	amod
11	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 tooth	amod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 up	punct
13	up	up	ADP	_	11 grown	compound:prt
14	tooth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 grows	nsubj
15	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 weak	advcl
16	back	back	ADV	_	15 grows	advmod
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 day	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 day	det
19	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 grows	obl
20	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 two	cc
21	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 day	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Teeth		as glass; weak property	tree rules
2	lose	participle				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	grow up	participle				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	grow back	present	a lost grown tooth	day		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

A gap in a grown-up's teeth refills in a day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 gap	det
2	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 refills	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 up	det
5	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 up	amod
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 grown	punct
7	up	up	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 teeth	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 up	case
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 gap	nmod
10	refills	refill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 day	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 day	det
13	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 refills	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	refill	present	a gap in a grown up's teeth				day		tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Enamel is very hard but can chip, and adult teeth do not grow back

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hard	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hard	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 hard	advmod
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 chip	cc
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 chip	aux
7	chip	chip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 hard	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 grow	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 grow	cc
10	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 teeth	amod
11	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 grow	nsubj
12	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 grow	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 grow	advmod
14	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 hard	parataxis
15	back	back	ADV	_	14 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Enamel	hard property	tree rules
2	chip	can	Enamel not said here		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	not grow back	present · do-support	adult teeth		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Teeth are softer than tin cans

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 softer	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 softer	cop
3	softer	soft	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	ADP	_	6 cans	case
5	tin	tin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cans	compound
6	cans	can	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 softer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Teeth					than tin cans; soft property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/t8/