Test 8 · ★ · Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs

«fell on me bum, now it hurts to sit, but there's no bone there right» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: bum, bone · What happens: fall, hurt, sit, be · To what, where: bum · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 357 «Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 fell	punct
2	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 me	case
4	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 fell	obl
5	bum	bum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fell	obl:unmarked
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hurts	punct
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 hurts	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 hurts	nsubj
9	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 fell	conj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 sit	mark
11	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 hurts	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 's	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 's	cc
14	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	15 's	expl
15	's	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 right	advcl
16	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	17 bone	det
17	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 's	nsubj
18	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 's	advmod
19	right	right	ADV	_	23 right	advmod
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	19 right	punct
21	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	23 right	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 right	cop
23	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fell	parataxis
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 fell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall in a quote	past		bum			on me	tree rules
2	hurt in a quote	present	bum			now		tree rules
3	sit in a quote	to-infinitive	bum not said here					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	be in a quote	present	no bone		there; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is	present					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Only the hip bones are there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 bones	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bones	det
3	hip	hip	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bones	compound
4	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 there	cop
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 bones	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the hip bones not said here					there property	tree rules

Option 2

Right, there is no bone there at all, only soft fat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	4 is	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	4 is	expl
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 there	cop
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 bone	det
6	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 is	nsubj
7	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 all	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 there	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 fat	punct
11	only	only	ADV	_	13 fat	advmod
12	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 fat	amod
13	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 there	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present				all		there property	tree rules

Option 3

It is a muscle, not a bone, that hurts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 muscle	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 muscle	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 muscle	det
4	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bone	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 bone	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bone	det
8	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 muscle	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 hurts	punct
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 hurts	nsubj
11	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 muscle	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a muscle and a bone					tree rules
2	hurt	present	that						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The tailbone is there, and muscles attach to it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tailbone	det
2	tailbone	tailbone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 there	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 there	cop
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 attach	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 attach	cc
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 attach	nsubj
8	attach	attach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 there	parataxis
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 attach	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the tailbone					there property	tree rules
2	attach	present	muscles		tailbone				vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to it=Co-Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs/t8/