Test 6 · Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands
«fell on my hand off the bike, now my shoulder hurts, that's weird innit» What is the best answer?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: shoulder, that, best answer · What happens: fall, hurt, be · To what, where: hand, weird innit
This is test 6 of lesson 358 «Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 2 fell | punct |
| 2 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 hand | case |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 hand | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fell | obl |
| 6 | off | off | ADP | _ | 8 bike | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 bike | det |
| 8 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fell | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 hurts | punct |
| 10 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 hurts | advmod |
| 11 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 shoulder | nmod:poss |
| 12 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hurts | nsubj |
| 13 | hurts | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 fell | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 innit | punct |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 innit | nsubj |
| 16 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 innit | cop |
| 17 | weird | weird | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 innit | amod |
| 18 | innit | innit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hurts | discourse |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 18 innit | punct |
| 20 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 hurts | obl |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 What | cop |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 answer | det |
| 23 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 24 answer | amod |
| 24 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 What | nsubj |
| 25 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 fell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall in a quote | past | my hand | off the bike | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on hand=Location | ||||
| 2 | hurt in a quote | present | my shoulder | now | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | that | weird innit | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | the best answer | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Shoulders cannot be hurt by falling on a hand
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shoulders | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 hurt | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 hurt | advmod |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 hurt | aux:pass |
| 5 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 7 falling | mark |
| 7 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 hurt | advcl |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 hand | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 hand | det |
| 10 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 falling | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hurt | can · passive | Shoulders | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | fall | gerund | a hand | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on hand=Location |
Option 2
Only the hand can be hurt in such a fall
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 6 hurt | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hand | det |
| 3 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 hurt | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 hurt | aux:pass |
| 6 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 fall | case |
| 8 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 fall | det:predet |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 fall | det |
| 10 | fall | fall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hurt | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurt | can · passive | the hand | such fall | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
A fall on an outstretched arm sends the force up and can break the collarbone, so see a doctor
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 fall | det |
| 2 | fall | fall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sends | nsubj |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 arm | case |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 arm | det |
| 5 | outstretched | outstretched | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 arm | amod |
| 6 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fall | nmod |
| 7 | sends | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 force | det |
| 9 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sends | obj |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 sends | compound:prt |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 break | cc |
| 12 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 break | aux |
| 13 | break | break | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 sends | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 collarbone | det |
| 15 | collarbone | collarbone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 break | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 see | punct |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 see | advmod |
| 18 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 7 sends | parataxis |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 doctor | det |
| 20 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 see | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send up | present | a fall on a outstretched arm | the force | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Theme | ||||
| 2 | break | can | a fall on a outstretched arm not said here | the collarbone | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer collarbone=Patient | ||||
| 3 | see | infinitive | a doctor | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctor=Stimulus |
Option 4
It is just tiredness from cycling
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 tiredness | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 tiredness | cop |
| 3 | just | just | ADV | _ | 4 tiredness | advmod |
| 4 | tiredness | tiredness | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 cycling | case |
| 6 | cycling | cycling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tiredness | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | It | tiredness | cycling | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/358-bones-by-name-shoulders-arms-and-hands/t6/