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home / corpora / questions / Biology / Muscles and joints by name: biceps, tr… / t1

Test 1 · ★★★ · Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows…

In a Popeye cartoon Popeye swallows a can of spinach and his biceps swell up like a ball in a second. What is the truth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Popeye, biceps, truth · What happens: swallow, swell up, be · To what, where: spinach, Popeye cartoon

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 360 «Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a Popeye cartoon Popeye swallows a can of spinach and his biceps swell up like a ball in a second.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 cartoon	det
3	Popeye	Popeye	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cartoon	compound
4	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swallows	obl
5	Popeye	Popeye	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 swallows	nsubj
6	swallows	swallow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 spinach	det
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 spinach	aux
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 spinach	case
10	spinach	spinach	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swallows	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 swell	cc
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 biceps	nmod:poss
13	biceps	biceps	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 swell	nsubj
14	swell	swell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 swallows	conj
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 swell	compound:prt
16	like	like	ADP	_	18 ball	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 ball	det
18	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 swell	obl
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 second	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 second	det
21	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 swell	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 swallows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swallow	present	Popeye	a spinach		a Popeye cartoon			vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spinach=Patient
2	swell up	present	Popeye's biceps				second	like a ball	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the truth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 truth	det
4	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the truth						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Muscles never grow stronger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 grow	advmod
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grow	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not grow	present	Muscles					strong property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Spinach really grows muscle in seconds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spinach	spinach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 grows	advmod
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 seconds	case
6	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Spinach	muscle			second		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location muscle=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Muscles grow stronger slowly over weeks of use, and no food does that in seconds

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 grow	xcomp
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 grow	advmod
5	over	over	ADP	_	6 weeks	case
6	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 use	case
8	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 weeks	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 does	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 does	cc
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 food	det
12	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 does	nsubj
13	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 grow	conj
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 does	advmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 seconds	case
16	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 does	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Muscles				week	slowly, strong property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	do	present	no food				second		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Only the biceps can grow at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 biceps	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 biceps	det
3	biceps	biceps	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 grow	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 grow	aux
5	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	can	the biceps			all			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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