Test 10 · Sleep and dreams in people

What would happen if a grown-up's brain did not switch off his muscles in REM sleep?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: brain · What happens: happen, grow, not switch off · To what, where: muscles, REM sleep

This is test 10 of lesson 363 «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	13 switch	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 up	det
6	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 up	amod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 grown	punct
8	up	up	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 brain	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 up	case
10	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 switch	nsubj
11	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 switch	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 switch	advmod
13	switch	switch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	advcl
14	off	off	ADP	_	13 switch	compound:prt
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 muscles	nmod:poss
16	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 switch	obj
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 sleep	case
18	REM	rem	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 sleep	compound
19	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 switch	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	happen	would				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	grow	participle				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	not switch off a condition, not said to happen	past · do-support	a grown up's brain	brain's muscles	REM sleep	vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He would never dream again, because moving muscles stop all dreams

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 dream	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 dream	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 dream	advmod
4	dream	dream	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	again	again	ADV	_	4 dream	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 stop	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 stop	mark
8	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 muscles	amod
9	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 stop	nsubj
10	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dream	conj
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 dreams	det
12	dreams	dream	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 stop	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	not dream	would	He		again	vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
2	move	gerund				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	stop	present	moving muscles	all dreams		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality dream=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He might kick, punch or jump out of bed acting out his dreams

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 kick	nsubj
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 kick	aux
3	kick	kick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 punch	punct
5	punch	punch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 kick	conj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 jump	cc
7	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 kick	conj
8	out	out	ADP	_	10 bed	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 bed	case
10	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 jump	obl
11	acting	act	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 jump	advcl
12	out	out	ADP	_	11 acting	compound:prt
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 dreams	nmod:poss
14	dreams	dream	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 acting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	kick	might	He		vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
2	punch	infinitive	He not said here		vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	jump out	infinitive	He not said here	bed	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bed=Trajectory
4	act out	gerund	He not said here	his dreams	vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent dream=Eventuality
5	dream		his = he		nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

He would sleep for a week

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sleep	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 sleep	aux
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 week	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 week	det
6	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	would	He				week		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

He would become a sleepwalker in deep sleep only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 become	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 become	aux
3	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sleepwalker	det
5	sleepwalker	sleepwalker	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 become	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sleep	case
7	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sleep	amod
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 become	obl
9	only	only	ADV	_	8 sleep	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	would	He	a sleepwalker				in deep sleep result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in sleep=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/t10/