Test 2 · Sleep and dreams in people

Why is it so much harder to wake up from deep sleep than from light sleep?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it · What happens: be, wake up · To what, where: deep sleep

This is test 2 of lesson 363 «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 harder	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 harder	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 harder	nsubj
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 much	advmod
5	much	much	ADV	_	6 harder	advmod
6	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 wake	mark
8	wake	wake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 harder	xcomp
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 wake	compound:prt
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 sleep	case
11	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 sleep	amod
12	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wake	obl
13	than	than	ADP	_	16 sleep	case
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 sleep	case
15	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 sleep	compound
16	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wake	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 harder	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	it					hard property	tree rules
2	wake up	to-infinitive				deep sleep		than light sleep	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Light sleep has no brain activity at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sleep	compound
2	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 activity	det
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 activity	compound
6	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 activity	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Light sleep	no brain activity		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent activity=Patient

Option 2

In deep sleep you are dreaming so loudly that you cannot hear anything else

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 sleep	case
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sleep	amod
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dreaming	obl
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 dreaming	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 dreaming	aux
6	dreaming	dream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 loudly	advmod
8	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	6 dreaming	advmod
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 hear	mark
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 hear	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 hear	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 hear	advmod
13	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 dreaming	advcl
14	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 hear	obj
15	else	else	ADV	_	14 anything	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dream	present · progressive	you			deep sleep		loudly property	vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
2	not hear	can	you	anything					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus

Option 3

Deep sleep only happens with eyes open

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleep	amod
2	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 happens	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 happens	advmod
4	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 eyes	case
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 happens	obl
7	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 happens	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present	Deep sleep					with eyes; open property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

In deep sleep the brain is far less ready to notice the world

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 sleep	case
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sleep	amod
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ready	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 brain	det
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ready	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ready	cop
7	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 less	advmod
8	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 ready	advmod
9	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	to	to	PART	_	11 notice	mark
11	notice	notice	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 ready	xcomp
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 world	det
13	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 notice	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the brain			deep sleep		ready property	tree rules
2	notice	to-infinitive	the brain not said here	the world					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer world=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/t2/