Test 8 · ★★★ · Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping…

Why might a soft young froghopper want to hide in froth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: soft young froghopper · What happens: want, hide · To what, where: froth

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 want	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 want	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 froghopper	det
4	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 froghopper	amod
5	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 froghopper	amod
6	froghopper	froghopper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 want	nsubj
7	want	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 hide	mark
9	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 want	xcomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 froth	case
11	froth	froth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hide	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 want	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	might	a soft young froghopper						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	hide not said to happen	to-infinitive	a soft young froghopper not said here			froth			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in froth=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

To keep itself warm when snow falls in the middle of summer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 keep	mark
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 keep	obj
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 falls	mark
6	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 falls	nsubj
7	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 keep	advcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 middle	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 middle	det
10	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 falls	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 summer	case
12	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 middle	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	to-infinitive		itself = it				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme
2	fall	present	snow			the middle of summer			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in middle=Location

Option 2

To catch small flies in it like a web

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 catch	mark
2	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 flies	amod
4	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 catch	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 catch	obl
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 web	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 web	det
9	web	web	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 catch	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	to-infinitive		small flies		it		like a web	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Theme

Option 3

To help the plant it sits on grow faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 help	mark
2	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 grow	advcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plant	det
4	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 help	obj
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 sits	nsubj
6	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 plant	acl:relcl
7	on	on	ADP	_	6 sits	compound:prt
8	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	help	to-infinitive		the plant		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Beneficiary
2	sit on	present	plant	the plant not said here		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme
3	grow	present			fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

To hide from hunters and stay damp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hide	mark
2	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 hunters	case
4	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hide	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 stay	cc
6	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 hide	conj
7	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stay	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	to-infinitive				hunters			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from hunter=Beneficiary
2	stay	infinitive						damp property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede/t8/