Exam question 1 · Big wild animals in cities: wild boar, deer, coyotes, monk…

Identify the principal reasons for which wild animals establish themselves within cities.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, wild animals · What happens: identify, establish · To what, where: principal reasons, animals

This is exam question 1 of lesson 368 «Big wild animals in cities: wild boar, deer, coyotes, monkeys and leopards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reasons	det
3	principal	principal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reasons	compound
4	reasons	reason	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 establish	obl
7	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 animals	amod
8	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 establish	nsubj
9	establish	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reasons	acl:relcl
10	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	9 establish	obj
11	within	within	ADP	_	12 cities	case
12	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 establish	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reasons					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	establish	present	wild animals	animals = animal				for the principal reasons; within cities	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The preference of wild animals for loud noise and the bright lights of streets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 preference	det
2	preference	preference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 animals	case
4	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 preference	nmod
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 noise	case
7	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 noise	amod
8	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 animals	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 lights	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 lights	det
11	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 lights	amod
12	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 noise	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 streets	case
14	streets	street	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 lights	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prefer			wild animals for loud noise and the bright lights of streets					nom preference «feeling transitive»: of=patient
2	light			streets					nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The total absence of any food whatsoever in rural areas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 absence	det
2	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 absence	amod
3	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 food	case
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 food	det
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 absence	nmod
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	6 food	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 areas	case
9	rural	rural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 areas	amod
10	areas	area	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 absence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absent			any food		rural areas			nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient in=place

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The abundance of food waste, warm shelter and the scarcity of hunters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 abundance	det
2	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 waste	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 waste	compound
5	waste	waste	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 abundance	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 shelter	punct
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 shelter	amod
8	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 abundance	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 scarcity	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 scarcity	det
11	scarcity	scarcity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 abundance	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 hunters	case
13	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 scarcity	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The provision of beds by the municipal authorities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 provision	det
2	provision	provision	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 beds	case
4	beds	bed	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 provision	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 authorities	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 authorities	det
7	municipal	municipal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 authorities	amod
8	authorities	authority	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 provision	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide		beds						nom provision «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/368-big-wild-animals-in-cities-wild-boar-deer-coyotes-monkeys-and-leopards/e1/