Exam question 1 · White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey…

Identify the principal reason for which white storks of Ukraine circumvent the Black Sea rather than traverse it.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, white storks · What happens: identify, circumvent, traverse · To what, where: principal reason, Black Sea, Sea

This is exam question 1 of lesson 375 «White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey to Africa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 circumvent	obl
7	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 storks	amod
8	storks	stork	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 circumvent	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Ukraine	case
10	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 storks	nmod
11	circumvent	circumvent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Sea	det
13	Black	Black	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Sea	compound
14	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 circumvent	obj
15	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	17 traverse	cc
16	than	than	ADP	_	15 rather	fixed
17	traverse	traverse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 circumvent	conj
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 traverse	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	circumvent	present	white storks of Ukraine	the Black Sea	for the principal reason	vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent sea=Location
3	traverse	infinitive	white storks of Ukraine not said here	Sea		vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Rising warm air, on which they depend for soaring, scarcely forms over cold water

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 air	amod
2	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 air	amod
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 depend	punct
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 depend	obl
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 depend	nsubj
8	depend	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 air	conj
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 soaring	mark
10	soaring	soar	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 depend	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 forms	punct
12	scarcely	scarcely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 forms	amod
13	forms	form	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 soaring	obl
14	over	over	ADP	_	16 water	case
15	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 water	amod
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 soaring	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rise	gerund					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	depend	present	they			on Rising warm air	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on which=Theme
3	soar	gerund	they not said here	scarcely forms	cold water		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over water=Trajectory

Option 2

The direct route is the longer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 route	det
2	direct	direct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 route	amod
3	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 longer	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 longer	det
6	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 route	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						long property	tree rules

Option 3

The sea is inhabited by large predators which seize storks as they pass over it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sea	det
2	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 inhabited	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 inhabited	aux:pass
4	inhabited	inhabit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 predators	case
6	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 predators	amod
7	predators	predator	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 inhabited	obl
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 seize	nsubj
9	seize	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 predators	acl:relcl
10	storks	stork	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 seize	obj
11	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 pass	mark
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 pass	nsubj
13	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 inhabited	advcl
14	over	over	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 pass	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	inhabit	present · passive	large predators	the sea		tree rules
2	seize	present	large predators	storks		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stork=Theme
3	pass	present	storks = stork		sea	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over it=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Storks are incapable of flight in humid air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Storks	stork	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 flight	case
5	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 incapable	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 air	case
7	humid	humid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 air	amod
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 incapable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Storks			humid air		of flight; incapable property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/375-white-storks-ukraine-s-favourite-birds-and-their-journey-to-africa/e1/