Exam question 2 · White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the incubation of eggs by the white stork.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts, eggs · What happens: select, establish, concern, incubate · To what, where: response, incubation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 375 «White storks: Ukraine's favourite birds and their journey to Africa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 incubation	det
11	incubation	incubation	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 eggs	case
13	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 incubation	nmod
14	by	by	ADP	_	17 stork	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 stork	det
16	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 stork	amod
17	stork	stork	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the incubation of eggs	by the white stork	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus incubation=Experiencer
4	incubate		eggs			nom incubation «act intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The female alone incubates the eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 female	det
2	female	female	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incubates	nsubj
3	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 female	advmod
4	incubates	incubate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 eggs	det
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 incubates	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	incubate	present	the female	the eggs					tree rules

Option 2

The eggs are left to be warmed by the sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eggs	det
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 left	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 left	aux:pass
4	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 warmed	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 warmed	aux:pass
7	warmed	warm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 left	xcomp
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 sun	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sun	det
10	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 warmed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	present · passive		the eggs					tree rules
2	warm	to-infinitive · passive	the sun						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The eggs are incubated by sparrows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eggs	det
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 incubated	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 incubated	aux:pass
4	incubated	incubate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 sparrows	case
6	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 incubated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	incubate	present · passive	sparrows	the eggs					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Both parents incubate the eggs in turn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 parents	det
2	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 incubate	nsubj
3	incubate	incubate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 eggs	det
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 incubate	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 turn	case
7	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 incubate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	incubate	present	both parents	the eggs		turn			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/375-white-storks-ukraine-s-favourite-birds-and-their-journey-to-africa/e2/