Test 11 · China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-…

Why would a huge amphibian need cold water full of oxygen?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: need · To what, where: cold water

This is test 11 of lesson 378 «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 amphibian	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 amphibian	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 amphibian	det
4	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 amphibian	amod
5	amphibian	amphibian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 need	advmod
6	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	obj
9	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 oxygen	case
11	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 full	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present		cold water					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It cannot see well in warm water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 see	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 see	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 see	advmod
4	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 see	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	It			warm water		well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

It must stay frozen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 stay	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	aux
3	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 stay	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	must	It						tree rules
2	freeze	participle							vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Warm water is too salty for it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 salty	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 salty	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 salty	advmod
5	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 salty	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Warm water					for it; salty property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It takes much of its oxygen through its skin from the water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 takes	nsubj
2	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 takes	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 oxygen	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 oxygen	nmod:poss
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 much	nmod
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 skin	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 skin	nmod:poss
9	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 takes	obl
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 water	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 water	det
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 takes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	It	much of its oxygen		oxygen's skin		from the water	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent much=Theme from water=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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