Exam question 4 · Silkworms and goldfish: two animals China changed

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequences of releasing goldfish into natural waters?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: consequences · What happens: follow, characteris, release · To what, where: consequences, goldfish, natural waters

This is exam question 4 of lesson 381 «Silkworms and goldfish: two animals China changed» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 consequences	det
10	consequences	consequence	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 releasing	mark
12	releasing	release	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 consequences	acl
13	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 releasing	obj
14	into	into	ADP	_	16 waters	case
15	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 waters	amod
16	waters	water	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 releasing	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the consequences		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	release	gerund	the consequences not said here	goldfish	natural waters		vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer goldfish=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They transform into a different species forthwith

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 transform	nsubj
2	transform	transform	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	6 species	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 species	det
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 species	amod
6	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 transform	obl
7	forthwith	forthwith	ADV	_	2 transform	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	present	They					into a different species result; forthwith property	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into species=Result

Option 2

They invariably perish within a single day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 perish	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 perish	advmod
3	perish	perish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	within	within	ADP	_	7 day	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 day	det
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 day	amod
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 perish	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perish	present	They				day	invariably property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They may attain great size and harm native fish populations

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 attain	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 attain	aux
3	attain	attain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 size	amod
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 attain	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 harm	cc
7	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 attain	conj
8	native	native	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 populations	amod
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 populations	compound
10	populations	population	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 harm	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attain	may	They	great size					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent size=Theme
2	harm	infinitive	They not said here	native fish populations					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus population=Experiencer

Option 4

They purify the water to the benefit of all species

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 purify	nsubj
2	purify	purify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 water	det
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 purify	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 benefit	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 benefit	det
7	benefit	benefit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 purify	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 species	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 species	det
10	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 benefit	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purify	present	They	the water				to the benefit of all species	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/381-silkworms-and-goldfish-two-animals-china-changed/e4/