Test 3 · ★★★ · How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle…
In a cartoon a cat solves a maths test faster than the class. If a real scientist saw a cat do this, what should they do first?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cat, real scientist, they · What happens: solve, see, do · To what, where: maths test, cartoon, cat, this
This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 389 «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon a cat solves a maths test faster than the class.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 solves | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cat | det |
| 5 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 solves | nsubj |
| 6 | solves | solve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 test | det |
| 8 | maths | maths | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 test | compound |
| 9 | test | test | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 solves | obj |
| 10 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 6 solves | advmod |
| 11 | than | than | ADP | _ | 13 class | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 class | det |
| 13 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 faster | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 solves | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | solve | present | a cat | a maths test | a cartoon | fast property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: If a real scientist saw a cat do this, what should they do first?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 saw | mark |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 scientist | det |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 scientist | amod |
| 4 | scientist | scientist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 do | advcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 cat | det |
| 7 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | obj |
| 8 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 saw | xcomp |
| 9 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 do | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 saw | punct |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 14 do | obj |
| 12 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 do | aux |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 do | nsubj |
| 14 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 15 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 14 do | advmod |
| 16 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 14 do | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see a condition, not said to happen | past | a real scientist | a cat | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | do | infinitive | a cat not said here | this | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | do | should | they | first property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Believe it straight away and tell the newspapers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Believe | obj |
| 3 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 4 away | advmod |
| 4 | away | away | ADV | _ | 1 Believe | advmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 tell | cc |
| 6 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Believe | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 newspapers | det |
| 8 | newspapers | newspaper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 tell | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | imperative | you not said here | it | away property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | infinitive | you not said here | the newspapers | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent newspaper=Recipient |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Check for hidden hints and repeat the test fairly
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Check | check | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 hints | case |
| 3 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 hints | amod |
| 4 | hints | hint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Check | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 repeat | cc |
| 6 | repeat | repeat | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Check | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 test | det |
| 8 | test | test | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 repeat | obj |
| 9 | fairly | fairly | ADV | _ | 6 repeat | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | check | imperative | you not said here | for hidden hints | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for hint=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | repeat | infinitive | you not said here | the test | fairly property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality |
Option 3
Make the cat a teacher
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Make | make | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 cat | det |
| 3 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Make | obj |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 teacher | det |
| 5 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Make | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | imperative | you not said here | a teacher | the cat | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset cat=Beneficiary teacher=Product |
Option 4
Ban maths for cats
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ban | ban | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 maths | compound |
| 2 | maths | math | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 cats | case |
| 4 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 maths | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/t3/