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Exam question 4 · Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish

It is given that an octopus has deposited her eggs. Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning her subsequent conduct.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts, octopus · What happens: give, deposit, select, establish, concern, conduct · To what, where: It, octopus, response, subsequent conduct

This is exam question 4 of lesson 39 «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that an octopus has deposited her eggs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 deposited	mark
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 octopus	det
6	octopus	octopus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 deposited	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 deposited	aux
8	deposited	deposit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 eggs	nmod:poss
10	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 deposited	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	deposit	present · perfect · passive		a octopus					vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme egg=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning her subsequent conduct.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 conduct	nmod:poss
11	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 conduct	amod
12	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response				consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	octopus's subsequent conduct					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus conduct=Experiencer
4	conduct		octopus						nom conduct «act transitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

She guards them without feeding until hatching and dies soon after

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 guards	nsubj
2	guards	guard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 guards	obj
4	without	without	SCONJ	_	5 feeding	mark
5	feeding	feed	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 guards	advcl
6	until	until	SCONJ	_	7 hatching	mark
7	hatching	hatch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 feeding	advcl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 dies	cc
9	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 guards	conj
10	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 dies	advmod
11	after	after	ADP	_	9 dies	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guard	present	She	them = they					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
2	feed	gerund	She not said here						vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent
3	hatch	gerund	She not said here						vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient
4	die after	present	She not said here					soon property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2

She transfers them to the father, who carries them until hatching

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 transfers	nsubj
2	transfers	transfer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 transfers	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 father	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 father	det
6	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 transfers	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 carries	punct
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 carries	nsubj
9	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 father	acl:relcl
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 carries	obj
11	until	until	ADP	_	12 hatching	case
12	hatching	hatching	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carries	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transfer	present	She	them = they	the father				vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to father=Recipient
2	carry	present	the father	them = they			until hatching		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 3

She consumes them during winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consumes	nsubj
2	consumes	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consumes	obj
4	during	during	ADP	_	5 winter	case
5	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consumes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present	She	them = they			winter		vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Asset

Option 4

She abandons them at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 abandons	nsubj
2	abandons	abandon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 abandons	obj
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 once	case
5	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 abandons	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	abandon	present	She	them = they					vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme they=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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