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Exam question 3 · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…

It is given that a human being passes through sleep cycles each of approximately one and a half hours. Ascertain the approximate number of dreaming stages in one night of normal sleep.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, pass, ascertain, dream · To what, where: It, sleep cycles, approximate number

This is exam question 3 of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a human being passes through sleep cycles each of approximately one and a half hours.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 human	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 human	det
6	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 given	xcomp
7	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 passes	nsubj
8	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 human	acl:relcl
9	through	through	ADP	_	11 cycles	case
10	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cycles	compound
11	cycles	cycle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 passes	obl
12	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	15 one	det
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 one	case
14	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	15 one	advmod
15	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 cycles	appos
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 hours	cc
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 half	det
18	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	19 hours	compound
19	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 one	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It				human property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	pass	present				sleep cycles			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through cycle=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the approximate number of dreaming stages in one night of normal sleep.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 number	det
3	approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 number	amod
4	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 stages	case
6	dreaming	dream	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 stages	amod
7	stages	stage	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 number	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 night	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 night	nummod
10	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 stages	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 sleep	case
12	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sleep	amod
13	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 night	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the approximate number of dreaming stages in one night of normal sleep					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic
2	dream	gerund							vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

One

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Fifteen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fifteen	fifteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

None whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	None	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	root	root
2	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	1 None	advmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Four or five

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 five	cc
3	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	1 Four	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/e3/