Exam question 4 · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…

Select the response consistent with the established findings in respect of rats which had previously traversed a maze.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, establish, traverse, respect · To what, where: response, respect, rats

This is exam question 4 of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 findings	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 findings	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 findings	amod
8	findings	finding	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 respect	case
10	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 findings	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 rats	case
12	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 respect	nmod
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 traversed	nsubj:pass
14	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 traversed	aux
15	previously	previously	ADV	_	16 traversed	advmod
16	traversed	traverse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 respect	acl:relcl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 maze	det
18	maze	maze	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 traversed	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	traverse	past · perfect · passive		respect of rats	previously property	tree rules
4	respect			rats		nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

All memory of the maze was erased during the subsequent sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 memory	det
2	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 erased	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 maze	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 maze	det
5	maze	maze	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 memory	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 erased	aux:pass
7	erased	erase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	during	during	ADP	_	11 sleep	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sleep	det
10	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sleep	amod
11	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 erased	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	erase	past · passive		all memory of the maze			during the subsequent sleep		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source

Option 2

No brain activity whatsoever was recorded during sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	3 activity	det
2	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 activity	compound
3	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 recorded	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 recorded	aux:pass
6	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 activity	acl:relcl
7	during	during	ADP	_	8 sleep	case
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 recorded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	record	past · passive		whatsoever			during sleep		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Patterns of brain activity recorded during the maze were observed again during subsequent sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Patterns	pattern	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 observed	nsubj:pass
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 activity	case
3	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 activity	compound
4	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Patterns	nmod
5	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 activity	acl
6	during	during	ADP	_	8 maze	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 maze	det
8	maze	maze	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 recorded	obl
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 observed	aux:pass
10	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	again	again	ADV	_	10 observed	advmod
12	during	during	ADP	_	14 sleep	case
13	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 sleep	amod
14	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 observed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	record	participle		brain activity not said here	during the maze	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	observe	past · passive		Patterns of brain activity	during subsequent sleep; again	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
3	pattern		brain activity			nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The rats were observed to run the entire maze physically whilst remaining asleep throughout

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rats	det
2	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 observed	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 observed	aux:pass
4	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 run	mark
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 observed	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 maze	det
8	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 maze	amod
9	maze	maze	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 run	obj
10	physically	physically	ADV	_	6 run	advmod
11	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	_	12 remaining	mark
12	remaining	remain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 run	advcl
13	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 remaining	xcomp
14	throughout	throughout	PUNCT	_	4 observed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	observe	past · passive	the rats		tree rules
2	run	to-infinitive	the entire maze	physically property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme maze=Trajectory
3	remain	gerund		asleep property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/e4/