Test 1 · ★ · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…

«my dog's chasing rabbits in his sleep, he told me lol» What is the honest answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dog · What happens: tell, be, sleep · To what, where: me, honest answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 rabbits	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 dog	nmod:poss
3	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 chasing	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 dog	case
5	chasing	chasing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rabbits	compound
6	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 told	ccomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 sleep	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 sleep	nmod:poss
9	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rabbits	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 rabbits	punct
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 told	nsubj
12	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 told	iobj
14	lol	lol	INTJ	_	20 answer	discourse
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 lol	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 answer	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 answer	cop
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 answer	det
19	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 answer	amod
20	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 told	parataxis
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	12 told	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	tell speech: assert in a quote	past	dog		me	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic
2	be speech: assert	present		the honest answer		tree rules
3	sleep in a quote		dog			nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He is wide awake and just pretending to be asleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 awake	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 awake	cop
3	wide	wide	ADV	_	4 awake	advmod
4	awake	awake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pretending	cc
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 pretending	advmod
7	pretending	pretend	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 awake	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	10 asleep	mark
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 asleep	cop
10	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pretending	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	He	awake, wide property	tree rules
2	pretend	gerund	He not said here		tree rules
3	is	to-infinitive	He not said here	asleep property	tree rules

Option 2

Dogs never dream, they are just scratching an itch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 dream	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 dream	advmod
3	dream	dream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 scratching	parataxis
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 dream	punct
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 scratching	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 scratching	aux
7	just	just	ADV	_	8 scratching	advmod
8	scratching	scratch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 itch	det
10	itch	itch	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 scratching	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not dream	present	Dogs						vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
2	scratch	present · progressive	Dogs = dog	a itch					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itch=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Dogs really can tell their owners what they dreamed about, by barking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tell	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	4 tell	advmod
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 owners	nmod:poss
6	owners	owner	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 tell	obj
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	9 dreamed	obj
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 dreamed	nsubj
9	dreamed	dream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	ccomp
10	about	about	ADV	_	9 dreamed	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 barking	punct
12	by	by	SCONJ	_	13 barking	mark
13	barking	bark	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 tell	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	can	Dogs	Dogs's owners		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient clause=Topic
2	dream	past	Dogs = dog		about property	vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
3	bark	gerund	Dogs not said here			vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He may be dreaming, but we can only guess what about

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 dreaming	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 dreaming	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 dreaming	aux
4	dreaming	dream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 guess	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 guess	cc
7	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 guess	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 guess	aux
9	only	only	ADV	_	10 guess	advmod
10	guess	guess	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 dreaming	parataxis
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 guess	obj
12	about	about	ADV	_	11 what	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dream	may · progressive	He						vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
2	guess	can	we						vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/t1/