Exam question 3 · Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the accidental swallowing of a small number of apple seeds?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, swallow

This is exam question 3 of lesson 392 «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 accidental	det
10	accidental	accidental	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 characterises	xcomp
11	swallowing	swallow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 accidental	acl
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 number	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 number	det
14	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 number	amod
15	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 swallowing	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 seeds	case
17	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 seeds	compound
18	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 number	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	of the following statements; accidental, accurately property	tree rules
3	swallow	gerund	of a small number of apple seeds	vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is harmless, as the hard seed coat ordinarily passes through the body intact

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 harmless	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 harmless	cop
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 passes	punct
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 passes	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 coat	det
7	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 coat	amod
8	seed	seed	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 coat	compound
9	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passes	nsubj
10	ordinarily	ordinarily	ADV	_	11 passes	advmod
11	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 harmless	advcl
12	through	through	ADP	_	14 body	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 body	det
14	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passes	obl
15	intact	intact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 passes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					harmless property	tree rules
2	pass	present	the hard seed coat			the body		intact, ordinarily property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through body=Location

Option 2

It confers protection against all other poisons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 confers	nsubj
2	confers	confer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	protection	protection	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 confers	obj
4	against	against	ADP	_	7 poisons	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 poisons	det
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 poisons	amod
7	poisons	poison	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 confers	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confer	present	It	protection				against all other poisons	tree rules

Option 3

It invariably results in grave illness requiring immediate admission to hospital

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 results	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 results	advmod
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 illness	case
5	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 illness	amod
6	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
7	requiring	require	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 results	acl
8	immediate	immediate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 admission	amod
9	admission	admission	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 requiring	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 hospital	case
11	hospital	hospital	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 requiring	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	gerund	results in grave illness not said here	immediate admission				to hospital	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme admission=Precondition

Option 4

It results in the germination of a tree within the stomach

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 results	nsubj
2	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 germination	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 germination	det
5	germination	germination	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 results	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 tree	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 tree	det
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 germination	nmod
9	within	within	ADP	_	11 stomach	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 stomach	det
11	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 results	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	germinate			a tree					nom germination «process transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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