Test 7 · ★ · The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?

A yellow bird is pecking at a capybara's back. Is the capybara in trouble?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: yellow bird · What happens: peck, be · To what, where: capybara, trouble

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 42 «The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A yellow bird is pecking at a capybara's back.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bird	det
2	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bird	amod
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pecking	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pecking	aux
5	pecking	peck	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	10 back	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 capybara	det
8	capybara	capybara	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 back	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 capybara	case
10	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pecking	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 pecking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	present · progressive	a yellow bird					at a capybara's back	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at back=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is the capybara in trouble?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 capybara	cop
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 capybara	det
3	capybara	capybara	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 trouble	case
5	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 capybara	nmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 capybara	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the capybara		trouble			tree rules

The options

Option 1

Yes, the bird is calling out to the caimans to show them where it is

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 calling	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 calling	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 calling	aux
6	calling	call	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	out	out	ADP	_	6 calling	compound:prt
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 caimans	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 caimans	det
10	caimans	caiman	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 calling	obl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 show	mark
12	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 calling	advcl
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 show	obj
14	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 show	ccomp
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 where	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 where	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	call out speech: assert	present · progressive	the bird		the caimans		vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to caiman=Recipient
2	show	to-infinitive	the bird not said here	caimans = caiman			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
3	is	present	bird			where property	tree rules

Option 2

No, the bird is just keeping warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 keeping	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keeping	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 keeping	aux
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 keeping	advmod
7	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 keeping	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present · progressive	the bird					warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, the bird is eating its fur

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 eating	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eating	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eating	aux
6	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 fur	nmod:poss
8	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · progressive	the bird	bird's fur					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, the bird is eating ticks and flies, which helps it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 eating	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eating	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eating	aux
6	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	ticks	tick	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eating	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 flies	cc
9	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ticks	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 helps	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 helps	nsubj
12	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eating	parataxis
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 helps	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · progressive	the bird	ticks and flies					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tick=Patient
2	help	present		bird					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/42-the-capybara/t7/